[Feature] Upgrade the etcd version to 3.4.31+ or 3.5.13+

[ialidzhikov]

Feature (What you would like to be added):
The current etcd version is v3.4.26:

etcd-wrapper/go.mod

Line 11 in 9040608

go.etcd.io/etcd v0.5.0-alpha.5.0.20230512014047-a603c0798948 // a603c0798948 is the SHA for git tag v3.4.26

In Kubernetes 1.31 the ConsistentListFromCache feature is promoted to beta and enabled by default. From https://kubernetes.io/blog/2024/08/15/consistent-read-from-cache-beta/:

Important Note: To benefit from this feature, your Kubernetes cluster must be running etcd version 3.4.31+ or 3.5.13+. For older etcd versions, Kubernetes will automatically fall back to serving consistent reads directly from etcd.

Motivation (Why is this needed?):
Upgrade the etcd version to allow Kubernetes 1.31 clusters to make use of the ConsistentListFromCache feature.

Approach/Hint to the implement solution (optional):

[ialidzhikov]

/close
in favor of gardener/etcd-druid#445