test: add test for debugger restart message issue

Running "restart" in the debugger confusingly prints an out-of-date
"Debugger listening on..." message before printing a second updated one.

Refs: #39272

test/known_issues/test-debugger-restart-message.js

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+'use strict';
+
+// Refs: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/39272
+
+require('../common');
+
+const assert = require('assert');
+
+// When this is moved out of known_issues, this can be removed and replaced with
+// the commented-out use of common.skipIfInspectorDisabled() below.
+if (!process.features.inspector) {
+  assert.fail('Known issues test should fail, so if the inspector is disabled');
+}
+
+// Will need to uncomment this (and assign `common` above) when moved out of
+// known_issues.
+// common.skipIfInspectorDisabled();
+
+// This can be reduced to 2 or even 1 (and the loop removed) once the debugger
+// is fixed. It's set higher to make sure that the error is tripped reliably
+// in CI. On most systems, the error will be tripped on the first test, but
+// on a few platforms in CI, it needs to be many times.
+const RESTARTS = 64;
+
+const fixtures = require('../common/fixtures');
+const startCLI = require('../common/debugger');
+
+// Using `restart` should result in only one "Connect/For help" message.
+{
+  const script = fixtures.path('debugger', 'three-lines.js');
+  const cli = startCLI([script]);
+
+  function onFatal(error) {
+    cli.quit();
+    throw error;
+  }
+
+  const listeningRegExp = /Debugger listening on/g;
+
+  cli.waitForInitialBreak()
+    .then(() => cli.waitForPrompt())
+    .then(() => {
+      assert.strictEqual(cli.output.match(listeningRegExp).length, 1);
+    })
+    .then(async () => {
+      for (let i = 0; i < RESTARTS; i++) {
+        await cli.stepCommand('restart');
+        assert.strictEqual(cli.output.match(listeningRegExp).length, 1);
+      }
+    })
+    .then(() => cli.quit())
+    .then(null, onFatal);
+}