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DRA: remove "classic DRA" (DRAControlPlaneController)
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pohly committed Oct 14, 2024
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Expand Up @@ -9,14 +9,8 @@ weight: 65

<!-- overview -->

Core Dynamic Resource Allocation with structured parameters:

{{< feature-state feature_gate_name="DynamicResourceAllocation" >}}

Dynamic Resource Allocation with control plane controller:

{{< feature-state feature_gate_name="DRAControlPlaneController" >}}

Dynamic resource allocation is an API for requesting and sharing resources
between pods and containers inside a pod. It is a generalization of the
persistent volumes API for generic resources. Typically those resources
Expand All @@ -28,8 +22,10 @@ resources handled by Kubernetes via _structured parameters_ (introduced in Kuber
Different kinds of resources support arbitrary parameters for defining requirements and
initialization.

When a driver provides a _control plane controller_, the driver itself
handles allocation in cooperation with the Kubernetes scheduler.
Kubernetes versions before 1.32 also provided _classic DRA_, which is no longer
supported. This documentation, which is for Kubernetes v{{< skew
currentVersion >}}, explains the current approach to dynamic resource
allocation within Kubernetes.

## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}}

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -65,25 +61,13 @@ DeviceClass
when installing a resource driver. Each request to allocate a device
in a ResourceClaim must reference exactly one DeviceClass.

PodSchedulingContext
: Used internally by the control plane and resource drivers
to coordinate pod scheduling when ResourceClaims need to be allocated
for a Pod and those ResourceClaims use a control plane controller.

ResourceSlice
: Used with structured parameters to publish information about resources
: Used by DRA drivers to publish information about resources
that are available in the cluster.

The developer of a resource driver decides whether they want to handle
allocation themselves with a control plane controller or instead rely on allocation
through Kubernetes with structured parameters. A
custom controller provides more flexibility, but cluster autoscaling is not
going to work reliably for node-local resources. Structured parameters enable
cluster autoscaling, but might not satisfy all use-cases.

When a driver uses structured parameters, all parameters that select devices
are defined in the ResourceClaim and DeviceClass with in-tree types. Configuration
parameters can be embedded there as arbitrary JSON objects.
All parameters that select devices are defined in the ResourceClaim and
DeviceClass with in-tree types. Configuration parameters can be embedded there
as arbitrary JSON objects.

The `core/v1` `PodSpec` defines ResourceClaims that are needed for a Pod in a
`resourceClaims` field. Entries in that list reference either a ResourceClaim
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -151,51 +135,7 @@ spec:
## Scheduling
### With control plane controller
In contrast to native resources (CPU, RAM) and extended resources (managed by a
device plugin, advertised by kubelet), without structured parameters
the scheduler has no knowledge of what
dynamic resources are available in a cluster or how they could be split up to
satisfy the requirements of a specific ResourceClaim. Resource drivers are
responsible for that. They mark ResourceClaims as "allocated" once resources
for it are reserved. This also then tells the scheduler where in the cluster a
ResourceClaim is available.
When a pod gets scheduled, the scheduler checks all ResourceClaims needed by a Pod and
creates a PodScheduling object where it informs the resource drivers
responsible for those ResourceClaims about nodes that the scheduler considers
suitable for the Pod. The resource drivers respond by excluding nodes that
don't have enough of the driver's resources left. Once the scheduler has that
information, it selects one node and stores that choice in the PodScheduling
object. The resource drivers then allocate their ResourceClaims so that the
resources will be available on that node. Once that is complete, the Pod
gets scheduled.
As part of this process, ResourceClaims also get reserved for the
Pod. Currently ResourceClaims can either be used exclusively by a single Pod or
an unlimited number of Pods.
One key feature is that Pods do not get scheduled to a node unless all of
their resources are allocated and reserved. This avoids the scenario where a Pod
gets scheduled onto one node and then cannot run there, which is bad because
such a pending Pod also blocks all other resources like RAM or CPU that were
set aside for it.
{{< note >}}
Scheduling of pods which use ResourceClaims is going to be slower because of
the additional communication that is required. Beware that this may also impact
pods that don't use ResourceClaims because only one pod at a time gets
scheduled, blocking API calls are made while handling a pod with
ResourceClaims, and thus scheduling the next pod gets delayed.
{{< /note >}}
### With structured parameters
When a driver uses structured parameters, the scheduler takes over the
responsibility of allocating resources to a ResourceClaim whenever a pod needs
The scheduler is responsible for allocating resources to a ResourceClaim whenever a pod needs
them. It does so by retrieving the full list of available resources from
ResourceSlice objects, tracking which of those resources have already been
allocated to existing ResourceClaims, and then selecting from those resources
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -235,14 +175,9 @@ later.
Such a situation can also arise when support for dynamic resource allocation
was not enabled in the scheduler at the time when the Pod got scheduled
(version skew, configuration, feature gate, etc.). kube-controller-manager
detects this and tries to make the Pod runnable by triggering allocation and/or
reserving the required ResourceClaims.

{{< note >}}

This only works with resource drivers that don't use structured parameters.

{{< /note >}}
detects this and tries to make the Pod runnable by reserving the required
ResourceClaims. However, this only works if those were allocated by
the scheduler for some other pod.

It is better to avoid bypassing the scheduler because a Pod that is assigned to a node
blocks normal resources (RAM, CPU) that then cannot be used for other Pods
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -273,10 +208,6 @@ are enabled. For details on that, see the `--feature-gates` and `--runtime-confi
[kube-apiserver parameters](/docs/reference/command-line-tools-reference/kube-apiserver/).
kube-scheduler, kube-controller-manager and kubelet also need the feature gate.

When a resource driver uses a control plane controller, then the
`DRAControlPlaneController` feature gate has to be enabled in addition to
`DynamicResourceAllocation`.

A quick check whether a Kubernetes cluster supports the feature is to list
DeviceClass objects with:

Expand All @@ -297,11 +228,6 @@ If not supported, this error is printed instead:
error: the server doesn't have a resource type "deviceclasses"
```

A control plane controller is supported when it is possible to create a
ResourceClaim where the `spec.controller` field is set. When the
`DRAControlPlaneController` feature is disabled, that field automatically
gets cleared when storing the ResourceClaim.

The default configuration of kube-scheduler enables the "DynamicResources"
plugin if and only if the feature gate is enabled and when using
the v1 configuration API. Custom configurations may have to be modified to
Expand All @@ -314,5 +240,4 @@ be installed. Please refer to the driver's documentation for details.

- For more information on the design, see the
[Dynamic Resource Allocation with Structured Parameters](https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/tree/master/keps/sig-node/4381-dra-structured-parameters)
and the
[Dynamic Resource Allocation with Control Plane Controller](https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/blob/master/keps/sig-node/3063-dynamic-resource-allocation/README.md) KEPs.
KEP.
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -9,6 +9,10 @@ stages:
- stage: alpha
defaultValue: false
fromVersion: "1.26"
- stage: withdrawn
fromVersion: "1.32"

removed: true
---
Enables support for resources with custom parameters and a lifecycle
that is independent of a Pod. Allocation of resources is handled
Expand Down

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