[wasm] Make runtime_is_initialized promise callbacks one-shot (#70694)

* [wasm] Make runtime_is_initialized promise callbacks one-shot

Throw if runtime_is_initialized_resolve or runtime_is_initialized_reject is called more than once

* Add a slightly generalized GuardedPromise<T> object

   Protects against multiple-resolve, multiple-reject, reject after resolve and resolve after reject.

  Does not protect against the executor throwing.

src/mono/wasm/runtime/guarded-promise.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// Licensed to the .NET Foundation under one or more agreements.
+// The .NET Foundation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
+
+/// A Promise<T> that guards against multiple-resolve, multiple-reject, reject-after-accept and accept-after-reject.
+class GuardedPromise<T> extends Promise<T> {
+    constructor(executor: (resolve: (value: T | PromiseLike<T>) => void, reject: (reason?: any) => void) => void) {
+        super((resolve, reject) => {
+            let resolved = false;
+            let rejected = false;
+            executor((value: T | PromiseLike<T>) => {
+                if (resolved) {
+                    throw new Error("Promise resolved more than once");
+                }
+                if (rejected) {
+                    throw new Error("Can not resolve a Promise after it has been rejected");
+                }
+                resolved = true;
+                resolve(value);
+            }, (reason: any) => {
+                if (resolved) {
+                    throw new Error("Can not reject a Promise after it has been resolved");
+                }
+                if (rejected) {
+                    throw new Error("Promise rejected more than once");
+                }
+                rejected = true;
+                reject(reason);
+            });
+        });
+    }
+}
+
+export default GuardedPromise;
+

src/mono/wasm/runtime/startup.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { AllAssetEntryTypes, mono_assert, AssetEntry, CharPtrNull, DotnetModule,
 import { ENVIRONMENT_IS_ESM, ENVIRONMENT_IS_NODE, ENVIRONMENT_IS_SHELL, INTERNAL, locateFile, Module, MONO, requirePromise, runtimeHelpers } from "./imports";
 import cwraps from "./cwraps";
 import { mono_wasm_raise_debug_event, mono_wasm_runtime_ready } from "./debug";
+import GuardedPromise from "./guarded-promise";
 import { mono_wasm_globalization_init, mono_wasm_load_icu_data } from "./icu";
 import { toBase64StringImpl } from "./base64";
 import { mono_wasm_init_aot_profiler, mono_wasm_init_coverage_profiler } from "./profiler";
@@ -17,9 +18,9 @@ import { mono_on_abort } from "./run";
 import { mono_wasm_new_root } from "./roots";
 import { init_crypto } from "./crypto-worker";
 
-export let runtime_is_initialized_resolve: Function;
-export let runtime_is_initialized_reject: Function;
-export const mono_wasm_runtime_is_initialized = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+export let runtime_is_initialized_resolve: () => void;
+export let runtime_is_initialized_reject: (reason?: any) => void;
+export const mono_wasm_runtime_is_initialized = new GuardedPromise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
     runtime_is_initialized_resolve = resolve;
     runtime_is_initialized_reject = reject;
 });