.net8 Android not building because Resources from resx not found.

Fixes https://github.com/dotnet/maui/issues/19117

With the release of the new Resource Designer assembly we purposely
removed the existing legacy `Resource.designer.cs` file from the
`@(Compile)` ItemGroup. This is so that we did not get any clashes
with the new system.

Unfortunately the name `Resource.designer.cs` is also used by
developers as the name for the generated class when using `.resx` files.
As a result we got the above bug report because the class was disappearing.

```
error CS0234: The type or namespace name 'Resources' does not exist in the namespace 'StringResourcesBug' (are you missing an assembly reference?)
```

It turns out that the `_RemoveLegacyDesigner` was being a bit too aggressive
with its removal of files. Because it was matching on filename only it was
removing files which had nothing to do with Android Resources. This would
cause the above error.

The fix in this case is to check for additional metadata. In the case of
`.resx` file designers they typically have a `DependentUpon` metadata to
signal that they are generated from the `.resx`. So we should check this
metadata to make sure it is NOT set before removing a file.

A new unit test was added to test this fix and it worked. But it did show
up one other issue. In certain cases we would end up with two `Resource`
classes in the same namespace. This would then cause the following
build error.

```
error CS0260: Missing partial modifier on declaration of type 'Resource'; another partial declaration of this type exists
```

This is because the two classes had different modifiers. We could also get
an error if the access modifiers are different (public vs internal).
So lets add a new MSBuild property `AndroidResourceDesignerClassModifier`.
This property defaults to `public`, but can be overridden by the user to
control the access modifier of the generated class.

Documentation/docs-mobile/TOC.yml

@@ -240,6 +240,8 @@
         href: messages/xa1036.md
       - name: XA1037
         href: messages/xa1037.md
+      - name: XA1038
+        href: messages/xa1038.md
     - name: "XA2xxx: Linker"
       items:
       - name: "XA2xxx: Linker"

Documentation/docs-mobile/building-apps/build-properties.md

@@ -1100,6 +1100,15 @@ Specifies the name of the Resource
 file to generate. The default template sets this to
 `Resource.designer.cs`.
 
+## AndroidResourceDesignerClassModifier
+
+Specifies the class modifier for the intermediate `Resource` class which is
+generated. Valid values are `public` and `internal`.
+
+By default this will be `public`.
+
+Added in .NET 9.
+
 ## AndroidSdkBuildToolsVersion
 
 The Android SDK

Documentation/docs-mobile/messages/index.md

@@ -144,6 +144,7 @@ or 'Help->Report a Problem' in Visual Studio for Mac.
 + [XA1036](xa1036.md): AndroidManifest.xml //uses-sdk/@android:minSdkVersion '29' does not match the $(SupportedOSPlatformVersion) value '21' in the project file (if there is no $(SupportedOSPlatformVersion) value in the project file, then a default value has been assumed).
 Either change the value in the AndroidManifest.xml to match the $(SupportedOSPlatformVersion) value, or remove the value in the AndroidManifest.xml (and add a $(SupportedOSPlatformVersion) value to the project file if it doesn't already exist).
 + [XA1037](xa1037.md): The '{0}' MSBuild property is deprecated and will be removed in .NET {1}. See https://aka.ms/net-android-deprecations for more details.
++ [XA1038](xa1038.md): The '{0}' MSBuild property has an invalid value. Value values are {1}.
 
 ## XA2xxx: Linker
 

Documentation/docs-mobile/messages/xa1038.md

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+---
+title: .NET for Android error XA1038
+description: XA1038 error code
+ms.date: 06/27/2024
+---
+# .NET for Android error XA1038
+
+## Example messages
+
+```
+The 'AndroidResourceDesignerClassModifier' MSBuild property has an invalid value of 'foo'.  A valid value is one of: 'public', 'internal'.
+```
+
+## Solution
+
+Edit your csproj directly and remove the referenced MSBuild property.
+
+Test your project to ensure the new behavior is functionally equivalent.
+
+If not, file an [issue](https://github.com/xamarin/xamarin-android/issues) so a 
+solution can be found before the deprecated flag is removed.

src/Xamarin.Android.Build.Tasks/MSBuild/Xamarin/Android/Xamarin.Android.Resource.Designer.targets

@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ Copyright (C) 2016 Xamarin. All rights reserved.
     <_GenerateResourceDesignerClassFile Condition=" '$(Language)' == 'F#' ">$(_DesignerIntermediateOutputPath)_$(_DesignerAssemblyName).fs</_GenerateResourceDesignerClassFile>
     <_GenerateResourceDesignerClassFile Condition=" '$(_GenerateResourceDesignerClassFile)' == '' ">$(_DesignerIntermediateOutputPath)_$(_DesignerAssemblyName).cs</_GenerateResourceDesignerClassFile>
     <_GenerateResourceCaseMapFile>$(_DesignerIntermediateOutputPath)case_map.txt</_GenerateResourceCaseMapFile>
+    <AndroidResourceDesignerClassModifier Condition=" '$(AndroidResourceDesignerClassModifier)' == '' ">public</AndroidResourceDesignerClassModifier>
   </PropertyGroup>
   <Message Text="_OuterIntermediateOutputPath: $(_OuterIntermediateOutputPath)" />
   <Message Text="IntermediateOutputPath: $(IntermediateOutputPath)" />
@@ -100,9 +101,15 @@ Copyright (C) 2016 Xamarin. All rights reserved.
   <!-- Creates a Resource.designer.cs file in the Intermediate output path which derives from the
        Designer Assembly, for backward compatability.
    -->
+  <AndroidError Code="XA1038"
+      ResourceName="XA1038"
+      FormatArguments="AndroidResourceDesignerClassModifier;$(AndroidResourceDesignerClassModifier);&apos;public&apos;, &apos;internal&apos;"
+      Condition=" '$(AndroidResourceDesignerClassModifier)' != 'public' And '$(AndroidResourceDesignerClassModifier)' != 'internal' "
+  />
   <GenerateResourceDesignerIntermediateClass
       IsApplication="$(AndroidApplication)"
       Namespace="$(AndroidResgenNamespace)"
+      Modifier="$(AndroidResourceDesignerClassModifier)"
       OutputFile="$(_GenerateResourceDesignerClassFile)"
   >
   </GenerateResourceDesignerIntermediateClass>

src/Xamarin.Android.Build.Tasks/Properties/Resources.resx

@@ -1013,6 +1013,13 @@ To use a custom JDK path for a command line build, set the 'JavaSdkDirectory' MS
     <comment>The following are literal names and should not be translated: MSBuild, .NET.
 {0} - The deprecated MSBuild property name
 {1} - The numeric version of .NET</comment>
+  </data>
+  <data name="XA1038" xml:space="preserve">
+    <value>The '{0}' MSBuild property has an invalid value of '{1}'. A valid value is one of: {2}.</value>
+    <comment>The following are literal names and should not be translated: MSBuild.
+{0} - The MSBuild property name which has invalid values.
+{1} - The current value of the property
+{2} - The list of valid values for the property these can be Comma-separated.</comment>
   </data>
   <data name="XA1039" xml:space="preserve">
     <value>The Android Support libraries are not supported in .NET 9 and later, please migrate to AndroidX. See https://aka.ms/net-android/androidx for more details.</value>

src/Xamarin.Android.Build.Tasks/Tasks/GenerateResourceDesignerIntermediateClass.cs

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ namespace %NAMESPACE% {
 	/// Exposes the Android Resource designer assembly into the project Namespace.
 	/// </summary>
 	[GeneratedCode(""%TOOL%"", ""%VERSION%"")]
-	public partial class Resource : %BASECLASS% {
+	%MODIFIER% partial class Resource : %BASECLASS% {
 	}
 	#pragma warning restore IDE0002
 }
@@ -43,15 +43,17 @@ public partial class Resource : %BASECLASS% {
 namespace %NAMESPACE%
 
 [<type:System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCode(""%TOOL%"", ""%VERSION%"")>]
-type Resource = %BASECLASS%
+type %MODIFIER% Resource = %BASECLASS%
 ";
 
 		public string Namespace { get; set; }
+		public string Modifier { get; set; } = "public";
 		public bool IsApplication { get; set; } = false;
 		public ITaskItem OutputFile { get; set; }
 		public override bool RunTask ()
 		{
-			string ns = IsApplication ? ResourceDesignerConstants : ResourceDesigner;
+			string baseClass = IsApplication ? ResourceDesignerConstants : ResourceDesigner;
+			string modifier = IsApplication ? Modifier : "public";
 			var extension = Path.GetExtension (OutputFile.ItemSpec);
 			var language = string.Compare (extension, ".fs", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) == 0 ? "F#" : CodeDomProvider.GetLanguageFromExtension (extension);
 			//bool isVB = string.Equals (extension, ".vb", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
@@ -63,11 +65,13 @@ public override bool RunTask ()
 				template = CSharpTemplate.Replace ("%NAMESPACE%", Namespace)
 					.Replace ("%BASECLASS%", ns)
 					.Replace ("%VERSION%", version.ToString ())
+					.Replace ("%MODIFIER%", modifier)
 					.Replace ("%TOOL%", nameof (GenerateResourceDesignerIntermediateClass));
 			} else if (isFSharp) {
 				template = FSharpTemplate.Replace ("%NAMESPACE%", Namespace)
 					.Replace ("%BASECLASS%", ns)
 					.Replace ("%VERSION%", version.ToString ())
+					.Replace ("%MODIFIER%", modifier)
 					.Replace ("%TOOL%", nameof (GenerateResourceDesignerIntermediateClass));
 			}
 

src/Xamarin.Android.Build.Tasks/Tests/Xamarin.Android.Build.Tests/BuildTest.cs

@@ -44,10 +44,10 @@ public void DotNetBuild (string runtimeIdentifiers, bool isRelease, bool aot, bo
 					new Package { Id = "System.Text.Json", Version = "8.0.*" },
 				},
 				Sources = {
-					new BuildItem ("EmbeddedResource", "Foo.resx") {
-						TextContent = () => InlineData.ResxWithContents ("<data name=\"CancelButton\"><value>Cancel</value></data>")
+					new BuildItem ("EmbeddedResource", "Resource.resx") {
+						TextContent = () => InlineData.ResxWithContents ("<data name=\"CancelButton\"><value>Cancel</value></data>"),
 					},
-					new BuildItem ("EmbeddedResource", "Foo.es.resx") {
+					new BuildItem ("EmbeddedResource", "Resource.es.resx") {
 						TextContent = () => InlineData.ResxWithContents ("<data name=\"CancelButton\"><value>Cancelar</value></data>")
 					},
 					new AndroidItem.TransformFile ("Transforms.xml") {
@@ -61,7 +61,8 @@ public void DotNetBuild (string runtimeIdentifiers, bool isRelease, bool aot, bo
 					},
 				}
 			};
-			proj.MainActivity = proj.DefaultMainActivity.Replace (": Activity", ": AndroidX.AppCompat.App.AppCompatActivity");
+			proj.MainActivity = proj.DefaultMainActivity.Replace (": Activity", ": AndroidX.AppCompat.App.AppCompatActivity")
+				.Replace ("//${AFTER_ONCREATE}", @"button.Text = Resource.CancelButton;");
 			proj.SetProperty ("AndroidUseAssemblyStore", usesAssemblyStore.ToString ());
 			proj.SetProperty ("RunAOTCompilation", aot.ToString ());
 			proj.OtherBuildItems.Add (new AndroidItem.InputJar ("javaclasses.jar") {
@@ -70,6 +71,21 @@ public void DotNetBuild (string runtimeIdentifiers, bool isRelease, bool aot, bo
 			proj.OtherBuildItems.Add (new BuildItem ("JavaSourceJar", "javaclasses-sources.jar") {
 				BinaryContent = () => ResourceData.JavaSourceJarTestSourcesJar,
 			});
+			proj.OtherBuildItems.Add (new BuildItem ("EmbeddedResource", default (Func<string>)) {
+						Update = () =>  "Resource.resx",
+						TextContent = () => InlineData.ResxWithContents ("<data name=\"CancelButton\"><value>Cancel</value></data>"),
+						Metadata = {
+							{ "Generator", "ResXFileCodeGenerator" },
+							{ "LastGenOutput", "Resource.designer.cs" }
+						},
+			});
+			proj.OtherBuildItems.Add (new BuildItem ("Compile", default (Func<string>)) {
+						TextContent = () => InlineData.DesignerWithContents (proj.ProjectName, "Resource", "public partial", new string[] {"CancelButton"}),
+						Update = () =>  "Resource.designer.cs",
+						Metadata = {
+							{ "DependentUpon", "Resource.resx" },
+						},
+					});
 			proj.AndroidJavaSources.Add (new AndroidItem.AndroidJavaSource ("JavaSourceTestExtension.java") {
 				Encoding = Encoding.ASCII,
 				TextContent = () => ResourceData.JavaSourceTestExtension,

src/Xamarin.Android.Build.Tasks/Tests/Xamarin.Android.Build.Tests/Utilities/InlineData.cs

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ namespace @projectName@
 	[System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute(""System.Resources.Tools.StronglyTypedResourceBuilder"", ""4.0.0.0"")]
 	[System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute()]
 	[System.Runtime.CompilerServices.CompilerGeneratedAttribute()]
-	internal class @className@ {
+	@modifier@ class @className@ {
 
 		private static System.Resources.ResourceManager resourceMan;
 
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ public static void AddCultureResourcesToProject (IShortFormProject proj, string
 			}
 		}
 
-		public static string DesignerWithContents (string projectName, string className, string[] dataNames)
+		public static string DesignerWithContents (string projectName, string className, string modifier, string[] dataNames)
 		{
 			var content = new StringBuilder ();
 			foreach (string data in dataNames) {
@@ -97,15 +97,16 @@ public static string DesignerWithContents (string projectName, string className,
 			}}
 		}}" + Environment.NewLine, data);
 			}
-			return Designer.Replace ("@className@", className)
+			return Designer.Replace ("@modifier@", modifier)
+				.Replace ("@className@", className)
 				.Replace ("@projectName@", projectName)
 				.Replace ("@content@", content.ToString ());
 		}
 
 		public static void AddCultureResourceDesignerToProject (IShortFormProject proj, string projectName, string className, params string[] dataNames)
 		{
 			proj.OtherBuildItems.Add (new BuildItem.Source ($"{className}.Designer.cs") {
-				TextContent = () => InlineData.DesignerWithContents (projectName, className, dataNames)
+				TextContent = () => InlineData.DesignerWithContents (projectName, className, "internal", dataNames)
 			});
 		}
 	}

src/Xamarin.Android.Build.Tasks/Tests/Xamarin.ProjectTools/Utilities/XmlUtils.cs

@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@ public static string ToXml (IShortFormProject project)
 				if (project.OtherBuildItems.Count > 0) {
 					sb.AppendLine ("\t<ItemGroup>");
 					foreach (var bi in project.OtherBuildItems) {
-						if (bi.BuildAction != BuildActions.EmbeddedResource) {
+						// If its an EmbeddedResource ignore it, unless it has an Update method set.
+						if (bi.BuildAction != BuildActions.EmbeddedResource || bi.Update != null) {
 							AppendBuildItem (sb, bi);
 						}
 					}

src/Xamarin.Android.Build.Tasks/Xamarin.Android.Common.targets

@@ -571,7 +571,7 @@ Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Xamarin. All rights reserved.
 	<ItemGroup>
 		<CorrectCasedItem Include="%(Compile.Identity)" Condition=" '$(AndroidUseIntermediateDesignerFile)' == 'true' And '$(AndroidResgenFile)' != '' And '%(Compile.Identity)' == '$(AndroidResgenFile)'"/>
 		<!-- Forcably Remove the old Resource.designer.cs even if the AndroidResgenFile is not set.-->
-		<CorrectCasedItem Include="%(Compile.Identity)" Condition=" '$(AndroidUseDesignerAssembly)' == 'True' And '%(Compile.Filename)%(Compile.Extension)' == '$(_AndroidResourceDesigner)' "/>
+		<CorrectCasedItem Include="%(Compile.Identity)" Condition=" '$(AndroidUseDesignerAssembly)' == 'True' And '%(Compile.Filename)%(Compile.Extension)' == '$(_AndroidResourceDesigner)' And '%(Compile.DependentUpon)' == '' "/>
 		<Compile Remove="@(CorrectCasedItem)" />
 		<Compile Include="$(_AndroidResourceDesignerFile)" Condition=" '$(AndroidUseIntermediateDesignerFile)' == 'true' And '$(AndroidUseDesignerAssembly)' != 'true' " />
 	</ItemGroup>