Implement single threaded task scheduler for WebAssembly (#496)

* Add hello_wasm example

* Implement single threaded task scheduler for WebAssembly

Cargo.toml

@@ -87,6 +87,11 @@ bevy_winit = { path = "crates/bevy_winit", optional = true, version = "0.1" }
 [dev-dependencies]
 rand = "0.7.3"
 serde = { version = "1", features = ["derive"] }
+log = "0.4"
+
+#wasm
+console_error_panic_hook = "0.1.6"
+console_log = { version = "0.2", features = ["color"] }
 
 [[example]]
 name = "hello_world"
@@ -255,3 +260,13 @@ path = "examples/window/multiple_windows.rs"
 [[example]]
 name = "window_settings"
 path = "examples/window/window_settings.rs"
+
+[[example]]
+name = "hello_wasm"
+path = "examples/wasm/hello_wasm.rs"
+required-features = []
+
+[[example]]
+name = "headless_wasm"
+path = "examples/wasm/headless_wasm.rs"
+required-features = []

crates/bevy_app/Cargo.toml

@@ -26,3 +26,8 @@ bevy_math = { path = "../bevy_math", version = "0.1" }
 libloading = { version = "0.6", optional = true }
 log = { version = "0.4", features = ["release_max_level_info"] }
 serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
+
+[target.'cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")'.dependencies]
+wasm-bindgen = { version = "0.2" }
+web-sys = { version = "0.3", features = [ "Window" ] }
+wasm-timer = "0.2.5"

crates/bevy_app/src/schedule_runner.rs

@@ -4,10 +4,17 @@ use crate::{
     event::{EventReader, Events},
     plugin::Plugin,
 };
-use std::{
-    thread,
-    time::{Duration, Instant},
-};
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+#[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+use std::{thread, time::Instant};
+#[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
+use wasm_timer::Instant;
+
+#[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
+use std::{cell::RefCell, rc::Rc};
+#[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
+use wasm_bindgen::{prelude::*, JsCast};
 
 /// Determines the method used to run an [App]'s `Schedule`
 #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]
@@ -53,32 +60,74 @@ impl Plugin for ScheduleRunnerPlugin {
                 RunMode::Once => {
                     app.update();
                 }
-                RunMode::Loop { wait } => loop {
-                    let start_time = Instant::now();
+                RunMode::Loop { wait } => {
+                    let mut tick = move |app: &mut App,
+                                         wait: Option<Duration>|
+                          -> Option<Duration> {
+                        let start_time = Instant::now();
 
-                    if let Some(app_exit_events) = app.resources.get_mut::<Events<AppExit>>() {
-                        if app_exit_event_reader.latest(&app_exit_events).is_some() {
-                            break;
+                        if let Some(app_exit_events) = app.resources.get_mut::<Events<AppExit>>() {
+                            if app_exit_event_reader.latest(&app_exit_events).is_some() {
+                                return None;
+                            }
                         }
-                    }
 
-                    app.update();
+                        app.update();
 
-                    if let Some(app_exit_events) = app.resources.get_mut::<Events<AppExit>>() {
-                        if app_exit_event_reader.latest(&app_exit_events).is_some() {
-                            break;
+                        if let Some(app_exit_events) = app.resources.get_mut::<Events<AppExit>>() {
+                            if app_exit_event_reader.latest(&app_exit_events).is_some() {
+                                return None;
+                            }
                         }
-                    }
 
-                    let end_time = Instant::now();
+                        let end_time = Instant::now();
 
-                    if let Some(wait) = wait {
-                        let exe_time = end_time - start_time;
-                        if exe_time < wait {
-                            thread::sleep(wait - exe_time);
+                        if let Some(wait) = wait {
+                            let exe_time = end_time - start_time;
+                            if exe_time < wait {
+                                return Some(wait - exe_time);
+                            }
+                        }
+
+                        None
+                    };
+
+                    #[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+                    {
+                        loop {
+                            if let Some(delay) = tick(&mut app, wait) {
+                                thread::sleep(delay);
+                            }
                         }
                     }
-                },
+
+                    #[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
+                    {
+                        fn set_timeout(f: &Closure<dyn FnMut()>, dur: Duration) {
+                            web_sys::window()
+                                .unwrap()
+                                .set_timeout_with_callback_and_timeout_and_arguments_0(
+                                    f.as_ref().unchecked_ref(),
+                                    dur.as_millis() as i32,
+                                )
+                                .expect("should register `setTimeout`");
+                        }
+                        let asap = Duration::from_millis(1);
+
+                        let mut rc = Rc::new(app);
+                        let f = Rc::new(RefCell::new(None));
+                        let g = f.clone();
+
+                        let c = move || {
+                            let mut app = Rc::get_mut(&mut rc).unwrap();
+                            let delay = tick(&mut app, wait).unwrap_or(asap);
+                            set_timeout(f.borrow().as_ref().unwrap(), delay);
+                        };
+
+                        *g.borrow_mut() = Some(Closure::wrap(Box::new(c) as Box<dyn FnMut()>));
+                        set_timeout(g.borrow().as_ref().unwrap(), asap);
+                    };
+                }
             }
         });
     }

crates/bevy_tasks/src/lib.rs

@@ -4,9 +4,16 @@ pub use slice::{ParallelSlice, ParallelSliceMut};
 mod task;
 pub use task::Task;
 
+#[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
 mod task_pool;
+#[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
 pub use task_pool::{Scope, TaskPool, TaskPoolBuilder};
 
+#[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
+mod single_threaded_task_pool;
+#[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
+pub use single_threaded_task_pool::{Scope, TaskPool, TaskPoolBuilder};
+
 mod usages;
 pub use usages::{AsyncComputeTaskPool, ComputeTaskPool, IOTaskPool};
 

crates/bevy_tasks/src/single_threaded_task_pool.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+use std::{
+    future::Future,
+    mem,
+    pin::Pin,
+    sync::{Arc, Mutex},
+};
+
+/// Used to create a TaskPool
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone)]
+pub struct TaskPoolBuilder {}
+
+impl TaskPoolBuilder {
+    /// Creates a new TaskPoolBuilder instance
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self::default()
+    }
+
+    pub fn num_threads(self, _num_threads: usize) -> Self {
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn stack_size(self, _stack_size: usize) -> Self {
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn thread_name(self, _thread_name: String) -> Self {
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn build(self) -> TaskPool {
+        TaskPool::new_internal()
+    }
+}
+
+/// A thread pool for executing tasks. Tasks are futures that are being automatically driven by
+/// the pool on threads owned by the pool. In this case - main thread only.
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone)]
+pub struct TaskPool {}
+
+impl TaskPool {
+    /// Create a `TaskPool` with the default configuration.
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        TaskPoolBuilder::new().build()
+    }
+
+    #[allow(unused_variables)]
+    fn new_internal() -> Self {
+        Self {}
+    }
+
+    /// Return the number of threads owned by the task pool
+    pub fn thread_num(&self) -> usize {
+        1
+    }
+
+    /// Allows spawning non-`static futures on the thread pool. The function takes a callback,
+    /// passing a scope object into it. The scope object provided to the callback can be used
+    /// to spawn tasks. This function will await the completion of all tasks before returning.
+    ///
+    /// This is similar to `rayon::scope` and `crossbeam::scope`
+    pub fn scope<'scope, F, T>(&self, f: F) -> Vec<T>
+    where
+        F: FnOnce(&mut Scope<'scope, T>) + 'scope + Send,
+        T: Send + 'static,
+    {
+        let executor = async_executor::LocalExecutor::new();
+
+        let executor: &async_executor::LocalExecutor = &executor;
+        let executor: &'scope async_executor::LocalExecutor = unsafe { mem::transmute(executor) };
+
+        let mut scope = Scope {
+            executor,
+            results: Vec::new(),
+        };
+
+        f(&mut scope);
+
+        // Loop until all tasks are done
+        while executor.try_tick() {}
+
+        scope
+            .results
+            .iter()
+            .map(|result| result.lock().unwrap().take().unwrap())
+            .collect()
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct Scope<'scope, T> {
+    executor: &'scope async_executor::LocalExecutor,
+    // Vector to gather results of all futures spawned during scope run
+    results: Vec<Arc<Mutex<Option<T>>>>,
+}
+
+impl<'scope, T: Send + 'static> Scope<'scope, T> {
+    pub fn spawn<Fut: Future<Output = T> + 'scope + Send>(&mut self, f: Fut) {
+        let result = Arc::new(Mutex::new(None));
+        self.results.push(result.clone());
+        let f = async move {
+            result.lock().unwrap().replace(f.await);
+        };
+
+        // SAFETY: This function blocks until all futures complete, so we do not read/write the
+        // data from futures outside of the 'scope lifetime. However, rust has no way of knowing
+        // this so we must convert to 'static here to appease the compiler as it is unable to
+        // validate safety.
+        let fut: Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + 'scope>> = Box::pin(f);
+        let fut: Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + 'static>> = unsafe { mem::transmute(fut) };
+
+        self.executor.spawn(fut).detach();
+    }
+}

crates/bevy_window/Cargo.toml

@@ -21,3 +21,6 @@ bevy_utils = { path = "../bevy_utils", version = "0.1" }
 
 # other
 uuid = { version = "0.8", features = ["v4", "serde"] }
+
+[target.'cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")'.dependencies]
+uuid = { version = "0.8", features = ["wasm-bindgen"] }

examples/README.md

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ Example | Main | Description
 
 Example | File | Description
 --- | --- | ---
-`load_model` | [`3d/load_model.rs`](./3d/load_model.rs) | Loads and renders a simple model 
+`load_model` | [`3d/load_model.rs`](./3d/load_model.rs) | Loads and renders a simple model
 `msaa` | [`3d/msaa.rs`](./3d/msaa.rs) | Configures MSAA (Multi-Sample Anti-Aliasing) for smoother edges
 `parenting` | [`3d/parenting.rs`](./3d/parenting.rs) | Demonstrates parent->child relationships and relative transformations
 `3d_scene` | [`3d/3d_scene.rs`](./3d/3d_scene.rs) | Simple 3D scene with basic shapes and lighting
@@ -116,3 +116,19 @@ Example | File | Description
 `clear_color` | [`window/clear_color.rs`](./window/clear_color.rs) | Creates a solid color window
 `multiple_windows` | [`window/multiple_windows.rs`](./window/multiple_windows.rs) | Creates two windows and cameras viewing the same mesh
 `window_settings` | [`window/window_settings.rs`](./window/window_settings.rs) | Demonstrates customizing default window settings
+
+## WASM
+
+#### pre-req
+
+    $ rustup target add wasm32-unknown-unknown
+    $ cargo install wasm-bindgen-cli
+
+#### build & run
+
+    $ cargo build --example headless_wasm --target wasm32-unknown-unknown --no-default-features
+    $ wasm-bindgen --out-dir examples/wasm/target --target web target/wasm32-unknown-unknown/debug/examples/headless_wasm.wasm
+
+Then serve `examples/wasm` dir to browser. i.e.
+
+    $ basic-http-server examples/wasm

examples/wasm/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+target/

examples/wasm/headless_wasm.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+extern crate console_error_panic_hook;
+use bevy::{app::ScheduleRunnerPlugin, prelude::*};
+use std::{panic, time::Duration};
+
+fn main() {
+    panic::set_hook(Box::new(console_error_panic_hook::hook));
+    console_log::init_with_level(log::Level::Debug).expect("cannot initialize console_log");
+
+    App::build()
+        .add_plugin(ScheduleRunnerPlugin::run_loop(Duration::from_secs_f64(
+            1.0 / 60.0,
+        )))
+        .add_startup_system(hello_world_system.system())
+        .add_system(counter.system())
+        .run();
+}
+
+fn hello_world_system() {
+    log::info!("hello wasm");
+}
+
+fn counter(mut state: Local<CounterState>) {
+    if state.count % 60 == 0 {
+        log::info!("counter system: {}", state.count);
+    }
+    state.count += 1;
+}
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+struct CounterState {
+    count: u32,
+}

examples/wasm/hello_wasm.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+extern crate console_error_panic_hook;
+use bevy::prelude::*;
+use std::panic;
+
+fn main() {
+    panic::set_hook(Box::new(console_error_panic_hook::hook));
+    console_log::init_with_level(log::Level::Debug).expect("cannot initialize console_log");
+
+    App::build().add_system(hello_wasm_system.system()).run();
+}
+
+fn hello_wasm_system() {
+    log::info!("hello wasm");
+}

examples/wasm/index.html

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
+  </head>
+  <script type="module">
+    import init from './target/headless_wasm.js'
+    init()
+  </script>
+</html>