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py-filelock | ||
=========== | ||
filelock | ||
======== | ||
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This package contains a single module, which implements a platform independent file lock in Python, which provides a | ||
simple way of inter-process communication: | ||
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.. code-block:: python | ||
from filelock import Timeout, FileLock | ||
lock = FileLock("high_ground.txt.lock") | ||
with lock: | ||
open("high_ground.txt", "a").write("You were the chosen one.") | ||
**Don't use** a :class:`FileLock <filelock.FileLock>` to lock the file you want to write to, instead create a separate | ||
``.lock`` file as shown above. | ||
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.. image:: example.gif | ||
:alt: Example gif | ||
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Similar libraries | ||
----------------- | ||
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Perhaps you are looking for something like: | ||
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- the `pid <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pid>`_ 3rd party library, | ||
- for Windows the `msvcrt <https://docs.python.org/3/library/msvcrt.html#msvcrt.locking>`_ module in the standard | ||
library, | ||
- for UNIX the `fcntl <https://docs.python.org/3/library/fcntl.html#fcntl.flock>`_ module in the standard library. | ||
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Installation | ||
------------ | ||
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``filelock`` is available via PyPi, so you can pip install it: | ||
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.. code-block:: bash | ||
python -m pip install filelock | ||
Tutorial | ||
-------- | ||
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### Examples | ||
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A :class:`FileLock <filelock.FileLock>` is used to indicate another process of your application that a resource or | ||
working directory is currently used. To do so, create a :class:`FileLock <filelock.FileLock>` first: | ||
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.. code-block:: python | ||
from filelock import Timeout, FileLock | ||
file_path = "high_ground.txt" | ||
lock_path = "high_ground.txt.lock" | ||
lock = FileLock(lock_path, timeout=1) | ||
The lock object supports multiple ways for acquiring the lock, including the ones used to acquire standard Python thread | ||
locks: | ||
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.. code-block:: python | ||
with lock: | ||
open(file_path, "a").write("Hello there!") | ||
lock.acquire() | ||
try: | ||
open(file_path, "a").write("General Kenobi!") | ||
finally: | ||
lock.release() | ||
The :meth:`acquire <filelock.BaseFileLock.acquire>` method accepts also a ``timeout`` parameter. If the lock cannot be | ||
acquired within ``timeout`` seconds, a :class:`Timeout <filelock.Timeout>` exception is raised: | ||
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.. code-block:: python | ||
try: | ||
with lock.acquire(timeout=10): | ||
open(file_path, "a").write("I have a bad feeling about this.") | ||
except Timeout: | ||
print("Another instance of this application currently holds the lock.") | ||
The lock objects are recursive locks, which means that once acquired, they will not block on successive lock requests: | ||
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.. code-block:: python | ||
def cite1(): | ||
with lock: | ||
open(file_path, "a").write("I hate it when he does that.") | ||
def cite2(): | ||
with lock: | ||
open(file_path, "a").write("You don't want to sell me death sticks.") | ||
# The lock is acquired here. | ||
with lock: | ||
cite1() | ||
cite2() | ||
# And released here. | ||
Logging | ||
------- | ||
All log messages by this library are made using the ``DEBUG_ level``, under the ``filelock`` name. On how to control | ||
displaying/hiding that please consult the | ||
`logging documentation of the standard library <https://docs.python.org/3/howto/logging.html>`_. E.g. to hide these | ||
messages you can use: | ||
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.. code-block:: python | ||
logging.getLogger("filelock").setLevel(logging.INFO) | ||
FileLock vs SoftFileLock | ||
------------------------ | ||
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The :class:`FileLock <filelock.FileLock>` is platform dependent while the :class:`SoftFileLock <filelock.SoftFileLock>` | ||
is not. Use the :class:`FileLock <filelock.FileLock>` if all instances of your application are running on the same host | ||
and a :class:`SoftFileLock <filelock.SoftFileLock>` otherwise. | ||
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The :class:`SoftFileLock <filelock.SoftFileLock>` only watches the existence of the lock file. This makes it ultra | ||
portable, but also more prone to dead locks if the application crashes. You can simply delete the lock file in such | ||
cases. | ||
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Contributions and issues | ||
------------------------ | ||
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Contributions are always welcome, please make sure they pass all tests before creating a pull request. This module is | ||
hosted on `GitHub <https://github.com/tox-dev/py-filelock>`_. If you have any questions or suggestions, don't hesitate | ||
to open a new issue 😊. There's no bad question, just a missed opportunity to learn more. | ||
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.. toctree:: | ||
:hidden: | ||
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self | ||
api | ||
license | ||
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GitHub | ||
------ | ||
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This module is hosted on | ||
`GitHub <https://github.com/tox-dev/py-filelock>`_. If you have any | ||
questions or suggestions, don't hesitate to open a new issue :). |
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