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doc: consistent use of word child process
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reword "child" to "child process" wherever possible.
this helps in maintaining clarity and precision,
consistency while avoiding misinterpretation.

PR-URL: #55654
Reviewed-By: Luigi Pinca <[email protected]>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <[email protected]>
Reviewed-By: Antoine du Hamel <[email protected]>
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@gireeshpunathil @ruyadorno
gireeshpunathil authored and ruyadorno committed Nov 27, 2024
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110 changes: 56 additions & 54 deletions doc/api/child_process.md
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Expand Up @@ -280,9 +280,9 @@ exec('cat *.js missing_file | wc -l', (error, stdout, stderr) => {
});
```

If `timeout` is greater than `0`, the parent will send the signal
If `timeout` is greater than `0`, the parent process will send the signal
identified by the `killSignal` property (the default is `'SIGTERM'`) if the
child runs longer than `timeout` milliseconds.
child process runs longer than `timeout` milliseconds.

Unlike the exec(3) POSIX system call, `child_process.exec()` does not replace
the existing process and uses a shell to execute the command.
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -535,8 +535,8 @@ changes:
* `args` {string\[]} List of string arguments.
* `options` {Object}
* `cwd` {string|URL} Current working directory of the child process.
* `detached` {boolean} Prepare child to run independently of its parent
process. Specific behavior depends on the platform, see
* `detached` {boolean} Prepare child process to run independently of its
parent process. Specific behavior depends on the platform, see
[`options.detached`][]).
* `env` {Object} Environment key-value pairs. **Default:** `process.env`.
* `execPath` {string} Executable used to create the child process.
Expand All @@ -550,10 +550,11 @@ changes:
AbortSignal.
* `killSignal` {string|integer} The signal value to be used when the spawned
process will be killed by timeout or abort signal. **Default:** `'SIGTERM'`.
* `silent` {boolean} If `true`, stdin, stdout, and stderr of the child will be
piped to the parent, otherwise they will be inherited from the parent, see
the `'pipe'` and `'inherit'` options for [`child_process.spawn()`][]'s
[`stdio`][] for more details. **Default:** `false`.
* `silent` {boolean} If `true`, stdin, stdout, and stderr of the child
process will be piped to the parent process, otherwise they will be inherited
from the parent process, see the `'pipe'` and `'inherit'` options for
[`child_process.spawn()`][]'s [`stdio`][] for more details.
**Default:** `false`.
* `stdio` {Array|string} See [`child_process.spawn()`][]'s [`stdio`][].
When this option is provided, it overrides `silent`. If the array variant
is used, it must contain exactly one item with value `'ipc'` or an error
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -686,8 +687,8 @@ changes:
process. This will be set to `command` if not specified.
* `stdio` {Array|string} Child's stdio configuration (see
[`options.stdio`][`stdio`]).
* `detached` {boolean} Prepare child to run independently of its parent
process. Specific behavior depends on the platform, see
* `detached` {boolean} Prepare child process to run independently of
its parent process. Specific behavior depends on the platform, see
[`options.detached`][]).
* `uid` {number} Sets the user identity of the process (see setuid(2)).
* `gid` {number} Sets the group identity of the process (see setgid(2)).
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -909,27 +910,27 @@ added: v0.7.10
-->
On Windows, setting `options.detached` to `true` makes it possible for the
child process to continue running after the parent exits. The child will have
its own console window. Once enabled for a child process, it cannot be
disabled.
child process to continue running after the parent exits. The child process
will have its own console window. Once enabled for a child process,
it cannot be disabled.
On non-Windows platforms, if `options.detached` is set to `true`, the child
process will be made the leader of a new process group and session. Child
processes may continue running after the parent exits regardless of whether
they are detached or not. See setsid(2) for more information.
By default, the parent will wait for the detached child to exit. To prevent the
parent from waiting for a given `subprocess` to exit, use the
`subprocess.unref()` method. Doing so will cause the parent's event loop to not
include the child in its reference count, allowing the parent to exit
independently of the child, unless there is an established IPC channel between
the child and the parent.
By default, the parent will wait for the detached child process to exit.
To prevent the parent process from waiting for a given `subprocess` to exit, use
the `subprocess.unref()` method. Doing so will cause the parent process' event
loop to not include the child process in its reference count, allowing the
parent process to exit independently of the child process, unless there is an established
IPC channel between the child and the parent processes.
When using the `detached` option to start a long-running process, the process
will not stay running in the background after the parent exits unless it is
provided with a `stdio` configuration that is not connected to the parent.
If the parent's `stdio` is inherited, the child will remain attached to the
controlling terminal.
If the parent process' `stdio` is inherited, the child process will remain attached
to the controlling terminal.
Example of a long-running process, by detaching and also ignoring its parent
`stdio` file descriptors, in order to ignore the parent's termination:
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1039,10 +1040,10 @@ pipes between the parent and child. The value is one of the following:
3. `'ipc'`: Create an IPC channel for passing messages/file descriptors
between parent and child. A [`ChildProcess`][] may have at most one IPC
stdio file descriptor. Setting this option enables the
[`subprocess.send()`][] method. If the child is a Node.js process, the
presence of an IPC channel will enable [`process.send()`][] and
[`subprocess.send()`][] method. If the child process is a Node.js instance,
the presence of an IPC channel will enable [`process.send()`][] and
[`process.disconnect()`][] methods, as well as [`'disconnect'`][] and
[`'message'`][] events within the child.
[`'message'`][] events within the child process.
Accessing the IPC channel fd in any way other than [`process.send()`][]
or using the IPC channel with a child process that is not a Node.js instance
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1109,12 +1110,12 @@ spawn('prg', [], { stdio: ['pipe', null, null, null, 'pipe'] });
```
_It is worth noting that when an IPC channel is established between the
parent and child processes, and the child is a Node.js process, the child
is launched with the IPC channel unreferenced (using `unref()`) until the
child registers an event handler for the [`'disconnect'`][] event
or the [`'message'`][] event. This allows the child to exit
normally without the process being held open by the open IPC channel._
parent and child processes, and the child process is a Node.js instance,
the child process is launched with the IPC channel unreferenced (using
`unref()`) until the child process registers an event handler for the
[`'disconnect'`][] event or the [`'message'`][] event. This allows the
child process to exit normally without the process being held open by the
open IPC channel._
See also: [`child_process.exec()`][] and [`child_process.fork()`][].
## Synchronous process creation
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1437,14 +1438,14 @@ instances of `ChildProcess`.
added: v0.7.7
-->
* `code` {number} The exit code if the child exited on its own.
* `code` {number} The exit code if the child process exited on its own.
* `signal` {string} The signal by which the child process was terminated.
The `'close'` event is emitted after a process has ended _and_ the stdio
streams of a child process have been closed. This is distinct from the
[`'exit'`][] event, since multiple processes might share the same stdio
streams. The `'close'` event will always emit after [`'exit'`][] was
already emitted, or [`'error'`][] if the child failed to spawn.
already emitted, or [`'error'`][] if the child process failed to spawn.
```cjs
const { spawn } = require('node:child_process');
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1515,7 +1516,7 @@ See also [`subprocess.kill()`][] and [`subprocess.send()`][].
added: v0.1.90
-->
* `code` {number} The exit code if the child exited on its own.
* `code` {number} The exit code if the child process exited on its own.
* `signal` {string} The signal by which the child process was terminated.
The `'exit'` event is emitted after the child process ends. If the process
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1625,11 +1626,12 @@ send and receive messages from a child process. When `subprocess.connected` is
added: v0.7.2
-->
Closes the IPC channel between parent and child, allowing the child to exit
gracefully once there are no other connections keeping it alive. After calling
this method the `subprocess.connected` and `process.connected` properties in
both the parent and child (respectively) will be set to `false`, and it will be
no longer possible to pass messages between the processes.
Closes the IPC channel between parent and child processes, allowing the child
process to exit gracefully once there are no other connections keeping it alive.
After calling this method the `subprocess.connected` and
`process.connected` properties in both the parent and child processes
(respectively) will be set to `false`, and it will be no longer possible
to pass messages between the processes.
The `'disconnect'` event will be emitted when there are no messages in the
process of being received. This will most often be triggered immediately after
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1807,7 +1809,7 @@ added: v0.7.10
Calling `subprocess.ref()` after making a call to `subprocess.unref()` will
restore the removed reference count for the child process, forcing the parent
to wait for the child to exit before exiting itself.
process to wait for the child process to exit before exiting itself.
```cjs
const { spawn } = require('node:child_process');
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1864,9 +1866,9 @@ changes:
* `callback` {Function}
* Returns: {boolean}
When an IPC channel has been established between the parent and child (
i.e. when using [`child_process.fork()`][]), the `subprocess.send()` method can
be used to send messages to the child process. When the child process is a
When an IPC channel has been established between the parent and child processes
( i.e. when using [`child_process.fork()`][]), the `subprocess.send()` method
can be used to send messages to the child process. When the child process is a
Node.js instance, these messages can be received via the [`'message'`][] event.
The message goes through serialization and parsing. The resulting
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1910,7 +1912,7 @@ process.send({ foo: 'bar', baz: NaN });
```
Child Node.js processes will have a [`process.send()`][] method of their own
that allows the child to send messages back to the parent.
that allows the child process to send messages back to the parent process.
There is a special case when sending a `{cmd: 'NODE_foo'}` message. Messages
containing a `NODE_` prefix in the `cmd` property are reserved for use within
Expand All @@ -1921,14 +1923,14 @@ Applications should avoid using such messages or listening for
`'internalMessage'` events as it is subject to change without notice.
The optional `sendHandle` argument that may be passed to `subprocess.send()` is
for passing a TCP server or socket object to the child process. The child will
for passing a TCP server or socket object to the child process. The child process will
receive the object as the second argument passed to the callback function
registered on the [`'message'`][] event. Any data that is received
and buffered in the socket will not be sent to the child. Sending IPC sockets is
not supported on Windows.
The optional `callback` is a function that is invoked after the message is
sent but before the child may have received it. The function is called with a
sent but before the child process may have received it. The function is called with a
single argument: `null` on success, or an [`Error`][] object on failure.
If no `callback` function is provided and the message cannot be sent, an
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1977,7 +1979,7 @@ server.listen(1337, () => {
});
```
The child would then receive the server object as:
The child process would then receive the server object as:
```js
process.on('message', (m, server) => {
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -2111,7 +2113,7 @@ added: v0.1.90
A `Readable Stream` that represents the child process's `stderr`.
If the child was spawned with `stdio[2]` set to anything other than `'pipe'`,
If the child process was spawned with `stdio[2]` set to anything other than `'pipe'`,
then this will be `null`.
`subprocess.stderr` is an alias for `subprocess.stdio[2]`. Both properties will
Expand All @@ -2130,10 +2132,10 @@ added: v0.1.90
A `Writable Stream` that represents the child process's `stdin`.
If a child process waits to read all of its input, the child will not continue
If a child process waits to read all of its input, the child process will not continue
until this stream has been closed via `end()`.
If the child was spawned with `stdio[0]` set to anything other than `'pipe'`,
If the child process was spawned with `stdio[0]` set to anything other than `'pipe'`,
then this will be `null`.
`subprocess.stdin` is an alias for `subprocess.stdio[0]`. Both properties will
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -2219,7 +2221,7 @@ added: v0.1.90

A `Readable Stream` that represents the child process's `stdout`.
If the child was spawned with `stdio[1]` set to anything other than `'pipe'`,
If the child process was spawned with `stdio[1]` set to anything other than `'pipe'`,
then this will be `null`.
`subprocess.stdout` is an alias for `subprocess.stdio[1]`. Both properties will
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -2254,12 +2256,12 @@ if the child process could not be successfully spawned.
added: v0.7.10
-->
By default, the parent will wait for the detached child to exit. To prevent the
parent from waiting for a given `subprocess` to exit, use the
By default, the parent process will wait for the detached child process to exit.
To prevent the parent process from waiting for a given `subprocess` to exit, use the
`subprocess.unref()` method. Doing so will cause the parent's event loop to not
include the child in its reference count, allowing the parent to exit
include the child process in its reference count, allowing the parent to exit
independently of the child, unless there is an established IPC channel between
the child and the parent.
the child and the parent processes.

```cjs
const { spawn } = require('node:child_process');
Expand Down

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