[material-ui][Select] Type arguments do not constraint variant prop accordingly

[DiegoAndai]

Steps to reproduce

Link to live example

Steps:

1. Use Select component
2. Provide type arguments, i.e., `<Select<number, "filled"> />
3. Don't provide variant="filled"

Typescript minimal repro

Current behavior

• The outlined variant is rendered.
• The hiddenLabel (filled only) prop is accepted even though the outlined variant is rendered.

The current type implementation is misleading.

Expected behavior

There should be a TS error if variant="filled" is not provided

Context

No response

Your environment

npx @mui/envinfo

  System:
    OS: macOS 13.4.1
  Binaries:
    Node: 18.19.0 - ~/.nvm/versions/node/v18.19.0/bin/node
    npm: 10.4.0 - ~/.nvm/versions/node/v18.19.0/bin/npm
    pnpm: 8.15.1 - ~/.nvm/versions/node/v18.19.0/bin/pnpm
  Browsers:
    Chrome: 122.0.6261.112
    Edge: Not Found
    Safari: 16.5.1
  npmPackages:
    @mui/joy: workspace:* => 5.0.0-beta.30 
    @mui/material: workspace:^ => 5.15.12 
    @mui/utils: workspace:^ => 5.15.12 
    @types/react: ^18.2.55 => 18.2.55 
    typescript: ^5.3.3 => 5.3.3 

Search keywords: select type arguments variant

[DiegoAndai]

Discovered in #41356 (comment)

[DiegoAndai]

Let's discuss potential solutions here first if you wish to work on this.

[alexfauquette]

A solution could be to add undefined to the SelectVariants such that TS notice that it's a 4th option

typescript reproduction

---

Otherwise, this use case seems very small compared to the +10 user impacted by the breaking change (I might be biased since X is one of the impacted team 😅)

<Select<number, "filled"> hiddenLabel />
{/* incorrect type argument, as it will render the outlined variant */}