I ran into this when building a live coding audio playground, and presumably it's useful for other similar apps. The issue is that APIs like AudioWorklet expect to be given a separate JavaScript file to run as a worker or worklet, but for apps in which the user writes code themselves there's no easy way to serve that file (without running a webserver).
The trick is to use a combination of a File (which represents raw data, plus some file-specific things like a name) and URL.createObjectURL, which lets you create "stub" URLs for File objects.
Here's how to use the trick create a Web Worker:
// source code goes here
const src = "";
// create a fake JS file from the source code
const file = new File([src], "file.js");
// create a URL for the fake JS file
const url = URL.createObjectURL(file.slice(0, file.size, "application/javascript"));
// add the fake JS file as a Web Worker
const worker = new Worker(url);
// revoke the URL so as to not leak memory
URL.revokeObjectURL(url);The call to file.slice is there to fix a Safari bug where it can't infer the MIME type.