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soundfile.py
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soundfile.py
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"""python-soundfile is an audio library based on libsndfile, CFFI and NumPy.
Sound files can be read or written directly using the functions
`read()` and `write()`.
To read a sound file in a block-wise fashion, use `blocks()`.
Alternatively, sound files can be opened as `SoundFile` objects.
For further information, see https://python-soundfile.readthedocs.io/.
"""
__version__ = "0.12.1"
import os as _os
import sys as _sys
from os import SEEK_SET, SEEK_CUR, SEEK_END
from ctypes.util import find_library as _find_library
from _soundfile import ffi as _ffi
try:
_unicode = unicode # doesn't exist in Python 3.x
except NameError:
_unicode = str
_str_types = {
'title': 0x01,
'copyright': 0x02,
'software': 0x03,
'artist': 0x04,
'comment': 0x05,
'date': 0x06,
'album': 0x07,
'license': 0x08,
'tracknumber': 0x09,
'genre': 0x10,
}
_formats = {
'WAV': 0x010000, # Microsoft WAV format (little endian default).
'AIFF': 0x020000, # Apple/SGI AIFF format (big endian).
'AU': 0x030000, # Sun/NeXT AU format (big endian).
'RAW': 0x040000, # RAW PCM data.
'PAF': 0x050000, # Ensoniq PARIS file format.
'SVX': 0x060000, # Amiga IFF / SVX8 / SV16 format.
'NIST': 0x070000, # Sphere NIST format.
'VOC': 0x080000, # VOC files.
'IRCAM': 0x0A0000, # Berkeley/IRCAM/CARL
'W64': 0x0B0000, # Sonic Foundry's 64 bit RIFF/WAV
'MAT4': 0x0C0000, # Matlab (tm) V4.2 / GNU Octave 2.0
'MAT5': 0x0D0000, # Matlab (tm) V5.0 / GNU Octave 2.1
'PVF': 0x0E0000, # Portable Voice Format
'XI': 0x0F0000, # Fasttracker 2 Extended Instrument
'HTK': 0x100000, # HMM Tool Kit format
'SDS': 0x110000, # Midi Sample Dump Standard
'AVR': 0x120000, # Audio Visual Research
'WAVEX': 0x130000, # MS WAVE with WAVEFORMATEX
'SD2': 0x160000, # Sound Designer 2
'FLAC': 0x170000, # FLAC lossless file format
'CAF': 0x180000, # Core Audio File format
'WVE': 0x190000, # Psion WVE format
'OGG': 0x200000, # Xiph OGG container
'MPC2K': 0x210000, # Akai MPC 2000 sampler
'RF64': 0x220000, # RF64 WAV file
'MP3': 0x230000, # MPEG-1/2 audio stream
}
_subtypes = {
'PCM_S8': 0x0001, # Signed 8 bit data
'PCM_16': 0x0002, # Signed 16 bit data
'PCM_24': 0x0003, # Signed 24 bit data
'PCM_32': 0x0004, # Signed 32 bit data
'PCM_U8': 0x0005, # Unsigned 8 bit data (WAV and RAW only)
'FLOAT': 0x0006, # 32 bit float data
'DOUBLE': 0x0007, # 64 bit float data
'ULAW': 0x0010, # U-Law encoded.
'ALAW': 0x0011, # A-Law encoded.
'IMA_ADPCM': 0x0012, # IMA ADPCM.
'MS_ADPCM': 0x0013, # Microsoft ADPCM.
'GSM610': 0x0020, # GSM 6.10 encoding.
'VOX_ADPCM': 0x0021, # OKI / Dialogix ADPCM
'NMS_ADPCM_16': 0x0022, # 16kbs NMS G721-variant encoding.
'NMS_ADPCM_24': 0x0023, # 24kbs NMS G721-variant encoding.
'NMS_ADPCM_32': 0x0024, # 32kbs NMS G721-variant encoding.
'G721_32': 0x0030, # 32kbs G721 ADPCM encoding.
'G723_24': 0x0031, # 24kbs G723 ADPCM encoding.
'G723_40': 0x0032, # 40kbs G723 ADPCM encoding.
'DWVW_12': 0x0040, # 12 bit Delta Width Variable Word encoding.
'DWVW_16': 0x0041, # 16 bit Delta Width Variable Word encoding.
'DWVW_24': 0x0042, # 24 bit Delta Width Variable Word encoding.
'DWVW_N': 0x0043, # N bit Delta Width Variable Word encoding.
'DPCM_8': 0x0050, # 8 bit differential PCM (XI only)
'DPCM_16': 0x0051, # 16 bit differential PCM (XI only)
'VORBIS': 0x0060, # Xiph Vorbis encoding.
'OPUS': 0x0064, # Xiph/Skype Opus encoding.
'ALAC_16': 0x0070, # Apple Lossless Audio Codec (16 bit).
'ALAC_20': 0x0071, # Apple Lossless Audio Codec (20 bit).
'ALAC_24': 0x0072, # Apple Lossless Audio Codec (24 bit).
'ALAC_32': 0x0073, # Apple Lossless Audio Codec (32 bit).
'MPEG_LAYER_I': 0x0080, # MPEG-1 Audio Layer I.
'MPEG_LAYER_II': 0x0081, # MPEG-1 Audio Layer II.
'MPEG_LAYER_III': 0x0082, # MPEG-2 Audio Layer III.
}
_endians = {
'FILE': 0x00000000, # Default file endian-ness.
'LITTLE': 0x10000000, # Force little endian-ness.
'BIG': 0x20000000, # Force big endian-ness.
'CPU': 0x30000000, # Force CPU endian-ness.
}
# libsndfile doesn't specify default subtypes, these are somehow arbitrary:
_default_subtypes = {
'WAV': 'PCM_16',
'AIFF': 'PCM_16',
'AU': 'PCM_16',
# 'RAW': # subtype must be explicit!
'PAF': 'PCM_16',
'SVX': 'PCM_16',
'NIST': 'PCM_16',
'VOC': 'PCM_16',
'IRCAM': 'PCM_16',
'W64': 'PCM_16',
'MAT4': 'DOUBLE',
'MAT5': 'DOUBLE',
'PVF': 'PCM_16',
'XI': 'DPCM_16',
'HTK': 'PCM_16',
'SDS': 'PCM_16',
'AVR': 'PCM_16',
'WAVEX': 'PCM_16',
'SD2': 'PCM_16',
'FLAC': 'PCM_16',
'CAF': 'PCM_16',
'WVE': 'ALAW',
'OGG': 'VORBIS',
'MPC2K': 'PCM_16',
'RF64': 'PCM_16',
'MP3': 'MPEG_LAYER_III',
}
_ffi_types = {
'float64': 'double',
'float32': 'float',
'int32': 'int',
'int16': 'short'
}
_bitrate_modes = {
'CONSTANT': 0,
'AVERAGE': 1,
'VARIABLE': 2,
}
try: # packaged lib (in _soundfile_data which should be on python path)
if _sys.platform == 'darwin':
from platform import machine as _machine
_packaged_libname = 'libsndfile_' + _machine() + '.dylib'
elif _sys.platform == 'win32':
from platform import architecture as _architecture
_packaged_libname = 'libsndfile_' + _architecture()[0] + '.dll'
elif _sys.platform == 'linux':
from platform import machine as _machine
_packaged_libname = 'libsndfile_' + _machine() + '.so'
else:
raise OSError('no packaged library for this platform')
import _soundfile_data # ImportError if this doesn't exist
_path = _os.path.dirname(_soundfile_data.__file__) # TypeError if __file__ is None
_full_path = _os.path.join(_path, _packaged_libname)
_snd = _ffi.dlopen(_full_path) # OSError if file doesn't exist or can't be loaded
except (OSError, ImportError, TypeError):
try: # system-wide libsndfile:
_libname = _find_library('sndfile')
if _libname is None:
raise OSError('sndfile library not found using ctypes.util.find_library')
_snd = _ffi.dlopen(_libname)
except OSError:
# Try explicit file name, if the general does not work (e.g. on nixos)
if _sys.platform == 'darwin':
_explicit_libname = 'libsndfile.dylib'
elif _sys.platform == 'win32':
_explicit_libname = 'libsndfile.dll'
elif _sys.platform == 'linux':
_explicit_libname = 'libsndfile.so'
else:
raise
# Homebrew on Apple M1 uses a `/opt/homebrew/lib` instead of
# `/usr/local/lib`. We are making sure we pick that up.
from platform import machine as _machine
if _sys.platform == 'darwin' and _machine() == 'arm64':
_hbrew_path = '/opt/homebrew/lib/' if _os.path.isdir('/opt/homebrew/lib/') \
else '/usr/local/lib/'
_snd = _ffi.dlopen(_os.path.join(_hbrew_path, _explicit_libname))
else:
_snd = _ffi.dlopen(_explicit_libname)
__libsndfile_version__ = _ffi.string(_snd.sf_version_string()).decode('utf-8', 'replace')
if __libsndfile_version__.startswith('libsndfile-'):
__libsndfile_version__ = __libsndfile_version__[len('libsndfile-'):]
def read(file, frames=-1, start=0, stop=None, dtype='float64', always_2d=False,
fill_value=None, out=None, samplerate=None, channels=None,
format=None, subtype=None, endian=None, closefd=True):
"""Provide audio data from a sound file as NumPy array.
By default, the whole file is read from the beginning, but the
position to start reading can be specified with *start* and the
number of frames to read can be specified with *frames*.
Alternatively, a range can be specified with *start* and *stop*.
If there is less data left in the file than requested, the rest of
the frames are filled with *fill_value*.
If no *fill_value* is specified, a smaller array is returned.
Parameters
----------
file : str or int or file-like object
The file to read from. See `SoundFile` for details.
frames : int, optional
The number of frames to read. If *frames* is negative, the whole
rest of the file is read. Not allowed if *stop* is given.
start : int, optional
Where to start reading. A negative value counts from the end.
stop : int, optional
The index after the last frame to be read. A negative value
counts from the end. Not allowed if *frames* is given.
dtype : {'float64', 'float32', 'int32', 'int16'}, optional
Data type of the returned array, by default ``'float64'``.
Floating point audio data is typically in the range from
``-1.0`` to ``1.0``. Integer data is in the range from
``-2**15`` to ``2**15-1`` for ``'int16'`` and from ``-2**31`` to
``2**31-1`` for ``'int32'``.
.. note:: Reading int values from a float file will *not*
scale the data to [-1.0, 1.0). If the file contains
``np.array([42.6], dtype='float32')``, you will read
``np.array([43], dtype='int32')`` for ``dtype='int32'``.
Returns
-------
audiodata : `numpy.ndarray` or type(out)
A two-dimensional (frames x channels) NumPy array is returned.
If the sound file has only one channel, a one-dimensional array
is returned. Use ``always_2d=True`` to return a two-dimensional
array anyway.
If *out* was specified, it is returned. If *out* has more
frames than available in the file (or if *frames* is smaller
than the length of *out*) and no *fill_value* is given, then
only a part of *out* is overwritten and a view containing all
valid frames is returned.
samplerate : int
The sample rate of the audio file.
Other Parameters
----------------
always_2d : bool, optional
By default, reading a mono sound file will return a
one-dimensional array. With ``always_2d=True``, audio data is
always returned as a two-dimensional array, even if the audio
file has only one channel.
fill_value : float, optional
If more frames are requested than available in the file, the
rest of the output is be filled with *fill_value*. If
*fill_value* is not specified, a smaller array is returned.
out : `numpy.ndarray` or subclass, optional
If *out* is specified, the data is written into the given array
instead of creating a new array. In this case, the arguments
*dtype* and *always_2d* are silently ignored! If *frames* is
not given, it is obtained from the length of *out*.
samplerate, channels, format, subtype, endian, closefd
See `SoundFile`.
Examples
--------
>>> import soundfile as sf
>>> data, samplerate = sf.read('stereo_file.wav')
>>> data
array([[ 0.71329652, 0.06294799],
[-0.26450912, -0.38874483],
...
[ 0.67398441, -0.11516333]])
>>> samplerate
44100
"""
with SoundFile(file, 'r', samplerate, channels,
subtype, endian, format, closefd) as f:
frames = f._prepare_read(start, stop, frames)
data = f.read(frames, dtype, always_2d, fill_value, out)
return data, f.samplerate
def write(file, data, samplerate, subtype=None, endian=None, format=None,
closefd=True, compression_level=None, bitrate_mode=None):
"""Write data to a sound file.
.. note:: If *file* exists, it will be truncated and overwritten!
Parameters
----------
file : str or int or file-like object
The file to write to. See `SoundFile` for details.
data : array_like
The data to write. Usually two-dimensional (frames x channels),
but one-dimensional *data* can be used for mono files.
Only the data types ``'float64'``, ``'float32'``, ``'int32'``
and ``'int16'`` are supported.
.. note:: The data type of *data* does **not** select the data
type of the written file. Audio data will be
converted to the given *subtype*. Writing int values
to a float file will *not* scale the values to
[-1.0, 1.0). If you write the value ``np.array([42],
dtype='int32')``, to a ``subtype='FLOAT'`` file, the
file will then contain ``np.array([42.],
dtype='float32')``.
samplerate : int
The sample rate of the audio data.
subtype : str, optional
See `default_subtype()` for the default value and
`available_subtypes()` for all possible values.
Other Parameters
----------------
format, endian, closefd, compression_level, bitrate_mode
See `SoundFile`.
Examples
--------
Write 10 frames of random data to a new file:
>>> import numpy as np
>>> import soundfile as sf
>>> sf.write('stereo_file.wav', np.random.randn(10, 2), 44100, 'PCM_24')
"""
import numpy as np
data = np.asarray(data)
if data.ndim == 1:
channels = 1
else:
channels = data.shape[1]
with SoundFile(file, 'w', samplerate, channels,
subtype, endian, format, closefd,
compression_level, bitrate_mode) as f:
f.write(data)
def blocks(file, blocksize=None, overlap=0, frames=-1, start=0, stop=None,
dtype='float64', always_2d=False, fill_value=None, out=None,
samplerate=None, channels=None,
format=None, subtype=None, endian=None, closefd=True):
"""Return a generator for block-wise reading.
By default, iteration starts at the beginning and stops at the end
of the file. Use *start* to start at a later position and *frames*
or *stop* to stop earlier.
If you stop iterating over the generator before it's exhausted,
the sound file is not closed. This is normally not a problem
because the file is opened in read-only mode. To close the file
properly, the generator's ``close()`` method can be called.
Parameters
----------
file : str or int or file-like object
The file to read from. See `SoundFile` for details.
blocksize : int
The number of frames to read per block.
Either this or *out* must be given.
overlap : int, optional
The number of frames to rewind between each block.
Yields
------
`numpy.ndarray` or type(out)
Blocks of audio data.
If *out* was given, and the requested frames are not an integer
multiple of the length of *out*, and no *fill_value* was given,
the last block will be a smaller view into *out*.
Other Parameters
----------------
frames, start, stop
See `read()`.
dtype : {'float64', 'float32', 'int32', 'int16'}, optional
See `read()`.
always_2d, fill_value, out
See `read()`.
samplerate, channels, format, subtype, endian, closefd
See `SoundFile`.
Examples
--------
>>> import soundfile as sf
>>> for block in sf.blocks('stereo_file.wav', blocksize=1024):
>>> pass # do something with 'block'
"""
with SoundFile(file, 'r', samplerate, channels,
subtype, endian, format, closefd) as f:
frames = f._prepare_read(start, stop, frames)
for block in f.blocks(blocksize, overlap, frames,
dtype, always_2d, fill_value, out):
yield block
class _SoundFileInfo(object):
"""Information about a SoundFile"""
def __init__(self, file, verbose):
self.verbose = verbose
with SoundFile(file) as f:
self.name = f.name
self.samplerate = f.samplerate
self.channels = f.channels
self.frames = f.frames
self.duration = float(self.frames)/f.samplerate
self.format = f.format
self.subtype = f.subtype
self.endian = f.endian
self.format_info = f.format_info
self.subtype_info = f.subtype_info
self.sections = f.sections
self.extra_info = f.extra_info
@property
def _duration_str(self):
hours, rest = divmod(self.duration, 3600)
minutes, seconds = divmod(rest, 60)
if hours >= 1:
duration = "{0:.0g}:{1:02.0g}:{2:05.3f} h".format(hours, minutes, seconds)
elif minutes >= 1:
duration = "{0:02.0g}:{1:05.3f} min".format(minutes, seconds)
elif seconds <= 1:
duration = "{0:d} samples".format(self.frames)
else:
duration = "{0:.3f} s".format(seconds)
return duration
def __repr__(self):
info = "\n".join(
["{0.name}",
"samplerate: {0.samplerate} Hz",
"channels: {0.channels}",
"duration: {0._duration_str}",
"format: {0.format_info} [{0.format}]",
"subtype: {0.subtype_info} [{0.subtype}]"])
if self.verbose:
info += "\n".join(
["\nendian: {0.endian}",
"sections: {0.sections}",
"frames: {0.frames}",
'extra_info: """',
' {1}"""'])
indented_extra_info = ("\n"+" "*4).join(self.extra_info.split("\n"))
return info.format(self, indented_extra_info)
def info(file, verbose=False):
"""Returns an object with information about a `SoundFile`.
Parameters
----------
verbose : bool
Whether to print additional information.
"""
return _SoundFileInfo(file, verbose)
def available_formats():
"""Return a dictionary of available major formats.
Examples
--------
>>> import soundfile as sf
>>> sf.available_formats()
{'FLAC': 'FLAC (FLAC Lossless Audio Codec)',
'OGG': 'OGG (OGG Container format)',
'WAV': 'WAV (Microsoft)',
'AIFF': 'AIFF (Apple/SGI)',
...
'WAVEX': 'WAVEX (Microsoft)',
'RAW': 'RAW (header-less)',
'MAT5': 'MAT5 (GNU Octave 2.1 / Matlab 5.0)'}
"""
return dict(_available_formats_helper(_snd.SFC_GET_FORMAT_MAJOR_COUNT,
_snd.SFC_GET_FORMAT_MAJOR))
def available_subtypes(format=None):
"""Return a dictionary of available subtypes.
Parameters
----------
format : str
If given, only compatible subtypes are returned.
Examples
--------
>>> import soundfile as sf
>>> sf.available_subtypes('FLAC')
{'PCM_24': 'Signed 24 bit PCM',
'PCM_16': 'Signed 16 bit PCM',
'PCM_S8': 'Signed 8 bit PCM'}
"""
subtypes = _available_formats_helper(_snd.SFC_GET_FORMAT_SUBTYPE_COUNT,
_snd.SFC_GET_FORMAT_SUBTYPE)
return dict((subtype, name) for subtype, name in subtypes
if format is None or check_format(format, subtype))
def check_format(format, subtype=None, endian=None):
"""Check if the combination of format/subtype/endian is valid.
Examples
--------
>>> import soundfile as sf
>>> sf.check_format('WAV', 'PCM_24')
True
>>> sf.check_format('FLAC', 'VORBIS')
False
"""
try:
return bool(_format_int(format, subtype, endian))
except (ValueError, TypeError):
return False
def default_subtype(format):
"""Return the default subtype for a given format.
Examples
--------
>>> import soundfile as sf
>>> sf.default_subtype('WAV')
'PCM_16'
>>> sf.default_subtype('MAT5')
'DOUBLE'
"""
_check_format(format)
return _default_subtypes.get(format.upper())
class SoundFile(object):
"""A sound file.
For more documentation see the __init__() docstring (which is also
used for the online documentation (https://python-soundfile.readthedocs.io/).
"""
def __init__(self, file, mode='r', samplerate=None, channels=None,
subtype=None, endian=None, format=None, closefd=True,
compression_level=None, bitrate_mode=None):
"""Open a sound file.
If a file is opened with `mode` ``'r'`` (the default) or
``'r+'``, no sample rate, channels or file format need to be
given because the information is obtained from the file. An
exception is the ``'RAW'`` data format, which always requires
these data points.
File formats consist of three case-insensitive strings:
* a *major format* which is by default obtained from the
extension of the file name (if known) and which can be
forced with the format argument (e.g. ``format='WAVEX'``).
* a *subtype*, e.g. ``'PCM_24'``. Most major formats have a
default subtype which is used if no subtype is specified.
* an *endian-ness*, which doesn't have to be specified at all in
most cases.
A `SoundFile` object is a *context manager*, which means
if used in a "with" statement, `close()` is automatically
called when reaching the end of the code block inside the "with"
statement.
Parameters
----------
file : str or int or file-like object
The file to open. This can be a file name, a file
descriptor or a Python file object (or a similar object with
the methods ``read()``/``readinto()``, ``write()``,
``seek()`` and ``tell()``).
mode : {'r', 'r+', 'w', 'w+', 'x', 'x+'}, optional
Open mode. Has to begin with one of these three characters:
``'r'`` for reading, ``'w'`` for writing (truncates *file*)
or ``'x'`` for writing (raises an error if *file* already
exists). Additionally, it may contain ``'+'`` to open
*file* for both reading and writing.
The character ``'b'`` for *binary mode* is implied because
all sound files have to be opened in this mode.
If *file* is a file descriptor or a file-like object,
``'w'`` doesn't truncate and ``'x'`` doesn't raise an error.
samplerate : int
The sample rate of the file. If `mode` contains ``'r'``,
this is obtained from the file (except for ``'RAW'`` files).
channels : int
The number of channels of the file.
If `mode` contains ``'r'``, this is obtained from the file
(except for ``'RAW'`` files).
subtype : str, sometimes optional
The subtype of the sound file. If `mode` contains ``'r'``,
this is obtained from the file (except for ``'RAW'``
files), if not, the default value depends on the selected
`format` (see `default_subtype()`).
See `available_subtypes()` for all possible subtypes for
a given `format`.
endian : {'FILE', 'LITTLE', 'BIG', 'CPU'}, sometimes optional
The endian-ness of the sound file. If `mode` contains
``'r'``, this is obtained from the file (except for
``'RAW'`` files), if not, the default value is ``'FILE'``,
which is correct in most cases.
format : str, sometimes optional
The major format of the sound file. If `mode` contains
``'r'``, this is obtained from the file (except for
``'RAW'`` files), if not, the default value is determined
from the file extension. See `available_formats()` for
all possible values.
closefd : bool, optional
Whether to close the file descriptor on `close()`. Only
applicable if the *file* argument is a file descriptor.
compression_level : float, optional
The compression level on 'write()'. The compression level
should be between 0.0 (minimum compression level) and 1.0
(highest compression level).
See `libsndfile document <https://github.com/libsndfile/libsndfile/blob/c81375f070f3c6764969a738eacded64f53a076e/docs/command.md>`__.
bitrate_mode : {'CONSTANT', 'AVERAGE', 'VARIABLE'}, optional
The bitrate mode on 'write()'.
See `libsndfile document <https://github.com/libsndfile/libsndfile/blob/c81375f070f3c6764969a738eacded64f53a076e/docs/command.md>`__.
Examples
--------
>>> from soundfile import SoundFile
Open an existing file for reading:
>>> myfile = SoundFile('existing_file.wav')
>>> # do something with myfile
>>> myfile.close()
Create a new sound file for reading and writing using a with
statement:
>>> with SoundFile('new_file.wav', 'x+', 44100, 2) as myfile:
>>> # do something with myfile
>>> # ...
>>> assert not myfile.closed
>>> # myfile.close() is called automatically at the end
>>> assert myfile.closed
"""
# resolve PathLike objects (see PEP519 for details):
# can be replaced with _os.fspath(file) for Python >= 3.6
file = file.__fspath__() if hasattr(file, '__fspath__') else file
self._name = file
if mode is None:
mode = getattr(file, 'mode', None)
mode_int = _check_mode(mode)
self._mode = mode
self._compression_level = compression_level
self._bitrate_mode = bitrate_mode
self._info = _create_info_struct(file, mode, samplerate, channels,
format, subtype, endian)
self._file = self._open(file, mode_int, closefd)
if set(mode).issuperset('r+') and self.seekable():
# Move write position to 0 (like in Python file objects)
self.seek(0)
_snd.sf_command(self._file, _snd.SFC_SET_CLIPPING, _ffi.NULL,
_snd.SF_TRUE)
# set compression setting
if self._compression_level is not None:
# needs to be called before set_bitrate_mode
self._set_compression_level(self._compression_level)
if self._bitrate_mode is not None:
self._set_bitrate_mode(self._bitrate_mode)
name = property(lambda self: self._name)
"""The file name of the sound file."""
mode = property(lambda self: self._mode)
"""The open mode the sound file was opened with."""
samplerate = property(lambda self: self._info.samplerate)
"""The sample rate of the sound file."""
frames = property(lambda self: self._info.frames)
"""The number of frames in the sound file."""
channels = property(lambda self: self._info.channels)
"""The number of channels in the sound file."""
format = property(
lambda self: _format_str(self._info.format & _snd.SF_FORMAT_TYPEMASK))
"""The major format of the sound file."""
subtype = property(
lambda self: _format_str(self._info.format & _snd.SF_FORMAT_SUBMASK))
"""The subtype of data in the the sound file."""
endian = property(
lambda self: _format_str(self._info.format & _snd.SF_FORMAT_ENDMASK))
"""The endian-ness of the data in the sound file."""
format_info = property(
lambda self: _format_info(self._info.format &
_snd.SF_FORMAT_TYPEMASK)[1])
"""A description of the major format of the sound file."""
subtype_info = property(
lambda self: _format_info(self._info.format &
_snd.SF_FORMAT_SUBMASK)[1])
"""A description of the subtype of the sound file."""
sections = property(lambda self: self._info.sections)
"""The number of sections of the sound file."""
closed = property(lambda self: self._file is None)
"""Whether the sound file is closed or not."""
_errorcode = property(lambda self: _snd.sf_error(self._file))
"""A pending sndfile error code."""
compression_level = property(lambda self: self._compression_level)
"""The compression level on 'write()'"""
bitrate_mode = property(lambda self: self._bitrate_mode)
"""The bitrate mode on 'write()'"""
@property
def extra_info(self):
"""Retrieve the log string generated when opening the file."""
info = _ffi.new("char[]", 2**14)
_snd.sf_command(self._file, _snd.SFC_GET_LOG_INFO,
info, _ffi.sizeof(info))
return _ffi.string(info).decode('utf-8', 'replace')
# avoid confusion if something goes wrong before assigning self._file:
_file = None
def __repr__(self):
compression_setting = (", compression_level={0}".format(self.compression_level)
if self.compression_level is not None else "")
compression_setting += (", bitrate_mode='{0}'".format(self.bitrate_mode)
if self.bitrate_mode is not None else "")
return ("SoundFile({0.name!r}, mode={0.mode!r}, "
"samplerate={0.samplerate}, channels={0.channels}, "
"format={0.format!r}, subtype={0.subtype!r}, "
"endian={0.endian!r}{1})".format(self, compression_setting))
def __del__(self):
self.close()
def __enter__(self):
return self
def __exit__(self, *args):
self.close()
def __setattr__(self, name, value):
"""Write text meta-data in the sound file through properties."""
if name in _str_types:
self._check_if_closed()
err = _snd.sf_set_string(self._file, _str_types[name],
value.encode())
_error_check(err)
else:
object.__setattr__(self, name, value)
def __getattr__(self, name):
"""Read text meta-data in the sound file through properties."""
if name in _str_types:
self._check_if_closed()
data = _snd.sf_get_string(self._file, _str_types[name])
return _ffi.string(data).decode('utf-8', 'replace') if data else ""
else:
raise AttributeError(
"'SoundFile' object has no attribute {0!r}".format(name))
def __len__(self):
# Note: This is deprecated and will be removed at some point,
# see https://github.com/bastibe/python-soundfile/issues/199
return self._info.frames
def __bool__(self):
# Note: This is temporary until __len__ is removed, afterwards it
# can (and should) be removed without change of behavior
return True
def __nonzero__(self):
# Note: This is only for compatibility with Python 2 and it shall be
# removed at the same time as __bool__().
return self.__bool__()
def seekable(self):
"""Return True if the file supports seeking."""
return self._info.seekable == _snd.SF_TRUE
def seek(self, frames, whence=SEEK_SET):
"""Set the read/write position.
Parameters
----------
frames : int
The frame index or offset to seek.
whence : {SEEK_SET, SEEK_CUR, SEEK_END}, optional
By default (``whence=SEEK_SET``), *frames* are counted from
the beginning of the file.
``whence=SEEK_CUR`` seeks from the current position
(positive and negative values are allowed for *frames*).
``whence=SEEK_END`` seeks from the end (use negative value
for *frames*).
Returns
-------
int
The new absolute read/write position in frames.
Examples
--------
>>> from soundfile import SoundFile, SEEK_END
>>> myfile = SoundFile('stereo_file.wav')
Seek to the beginning of the file:
>>> myfile.seek(0)
0
Seek to the end of the file:
>>> myfile.seek(0, SEEK_END)
44100 # this is the file length
"""
self._check_if_closed()
position = _snd.sf_seek(self._file, frames, whence)
_error_check(self._errorcode)
return position
def tell(self):
"""Return the current read/write position."""
return self.seek(0, SEEK_CUR)
def read(self, frames=-1, dtype='float64', always_2d=False,
fill_value=None, out=None):
"""Read from the file and return data as NumPy array.
Reads the given number of frames in the given data format
starting at the current read/write position. This advances the
read/write position by the same number of frames.
By default, all frames from the current read/write position to
the end of the file are returned.
Use `seek()` to move the current read/write position.
Parameters
----------
frames : int, optional
The number of frames to read. If ``frames < 0``, the whole
rest of the file is read.
dtype : {'float64', 'float32', 'int32', 'int16'}, optional
Data type of the returned array, by default ``'float64'``.
Floating point audio data is typically in the range from
``-1.0`` to ``1.0``. Integer data is in the range from
``-2**15`` to ``2**15-1`` for ``'int16'`` and from
``-2**31`` to ``2**31-1`` for ``'int32'``.
.. note:: Reading int values from a float file will *not*
scale the data to [-1.0, 1.0). If the file contains
``np.array([42.6], dtype='float32')``, you will read
``np.array([43], dtype='int32')`` for
``dtype='int32'``.
Returns
-------
audiodata : `numpy.ndarray` or type(out)
A two-dimensional NumPy (frames x channels) array is
returned. If the sound file has only one channel, a
one-dimensional array is returned. Use ``always_2d=True``
to return a two-dimensional array anyway.
If *out* was specified, it is returned. If *out* has more
frames than available in the file (or if *frames* is
smaller than the length of *out*) and no *fill_value* is
given, then only a part of *out* is overwritten and a view
containing all valid frames is returned.
Other Parameters
----------------
always_2d : bool, optional
By default, reading a mono sound file will return a
one-dimensional array. With ``always_2d=True``, audio data
is always returned as a two-dimensional array, even if the
audio file has only one channel.
fill_value : float, optional
If more frames are requested than available in the file,
the rest of the output is be filled with *fill_value*. If
*fill_value* is not specified, a smaller array is
returned.
out : `numpy.ndarray` or subclass, optional
If *out* is specified, the data is written into the given
array instead of creating a new array. In this case, the
arguments *dtype* and *always_2d* are silently ignored! If
*frames* is not given, it is obtained from the length of
*out*.
Examples
--------
>>> from soundfile import SoundFile
>>> myfile = SoundFile('stereo_file.wav')
Reading 3 frames from a stereo file:
>>> myfile.read(3)
array([[ 0.71329652, 0.06294799],
[-0.26450912, -0.38874483],
[ 0.67398441, -0.11516333]])
>>> myfile.close()
See Also
--------
buffer_read, .write
"""
if out is None:
frames = self._check_frames(frames, fill_value)
out = self._create_empty_array(frames, always_2d, dtype)
else:
if frames < 0 or frames > len(out):
frames = len(out)
frames = self._array_io('read', out, frames)
if len(out) > frames:
if fill_value is None:
out = out[:frames]
else:
out[frames:] = fill_value
return out
def buffer_read(self, frames=-1, dtype=None):
"""Read from the file and return data as buffer object.
Reads the given number of *frames* in the given data format
starting at the current read/write position. This advances the
read/write position by the same number of frames.
By default, all frames from the current read/write position to
the end of the file are returned.
Use `seek()` to move the current read/write position.
Parameters
----------
frames : int, optional
The number of frames to read. If ``frames < 0``, the whole
rest of the file is read.
dtype : {'float64', 'float32', 'int32', 'int16'}
Audio data will be converted to the given data type.
Returns
-------
buffer
A buffer containing the read data.
See Also
--------
buffer_read_into, .read, buffer_write
"""
frames = self._check_frames(frames, fill_value=None)
ctype = self._check_dtype(dtype)
cdata = _ffi.new(ctype + '[]', frames * self.channels)
read_frames = self._cdata_io('read', cdata, ctype, frames)
assert read_frames == frames
return _ffi.buffer(cdata)
def buffer_read_into(self, buffer, dtype):
"""Read from the file into a given buffer object.
Fills the given *buffer* with frames in the given data format
starting at the current read/write position (which can be
changed with `seek()`) until the buffer is full or the end
of the file is reached. This advances the read/write position
by the number of frames that were read.
Parameters
----------
buffer : writable buffer
Audio frames from the file are written to this buffer.
dtype : {'float64', 'float32', 'int32', 'int16'}
The data type of *buffer*.
Returns
-------
int
The number of frames that were read from the file.
This can be less than the size of *buffer*.
The rest of the buffer is not filled with meaningful data.
See Also
--------
buffer_read, .read
"""
ctype = self._check_dtype(dtype)
cdata, frames = self._check_buffer(buffer, ctype)