-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 1
/
index.html
241 lines (177 loc) · 12.6 KB
/
index.html
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Algorithmic Censorship Resistance Toolkit</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/meyer-reset/2.0/reset.min.css">
<link rel='stylesheet' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Fira+Sans:400,700'>
<link rel='stylesheet' href='https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/twitter-bootstrap/4.1.3/css/bootstrap.min.css'>
<link rel='stylesheet' href='https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/magnific-popup.js/1.1.0/magnific-popup.min.css'>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./style.css">
</head>
<body>
<!-- partial:index.partial.html -->
<section class="container">
<div class="side-column">
<div class="side-column-section">
<h2> About </h2>
<p> Online, words are a form of data and expression. From hashtags to political dissent, words have the power to build new worlds and take down old ones. At the same time, language has also become a form of data, used to create machine learning systems for profit, and it has also become an arena for automated censorship and moderation.
<br><br>
In the PRC, automated censorship has led to a surge of creativity as online netizens scramble to “fool the machine”, through creative use of homophones to images and new characters that bypass OCR (optical character recognition).
<br><br>
The Algorithmic Censorship Resistance Toolkit is a constructed and collected toolkit of different tactics that obfuscate and encode text so that it becomes machine unreadable. These tools derive inspiration from existing online practices, as well as proposed ones through research.<br><br>
</p>
</div>
<div class="side-column-section">
<h2>Background Research</h2>
<p class="read"><a href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3437304/citizenlab.ca/2018/08/cant-picture-this-an-analysis-of-image-filtering-on-wechat-moments/">Algorithmic Censorship by Social Platforms: Power and Resistance.</a> </p>
<p class="read">Jennifer Cobbe, 2019. </p> <br>
<p class="read"><a href="https://citizenlab.ca/2018/08/cant-picture-this-an-analysis-of-image-filtering-on-wechat-moments/">(Can’t) Picture This: An Analysis of Image Filtering on WeChat Moments.</a> </p>
<p class="read">Jeffrey Knockel, Lotus Ruan, Masashi Crete-Nishihata, and Ron Deibert, 2018. </p> <br>
<p class="read"><a href="https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c3a2/ae2c53e45bdaa97c160c6908826eb5d3dc25.pdf">Resisting the Censorship Infrastructure in China.</a> </p>
<p class="read">Yubo Kou, Yong Ming Kow, and Xinning Gui, 2017. </p> <br>
<p class="read"><a href="https://citizenlab.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/nlp4if2018github-1.pdf">The effect of information controls on developers in China: An analysis of censorship in Chinese open source projects.</a> </p>
<p class="read">Jeffrey Knockel, Masashi Crete-Nishihata, and Lotus Ruan, 2018. </p> <br>
<p class="read"><a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14790718.2019.1575834">Tranßcripting: playful subversion with Chinese characters.</a> </p>
<p class="read">Li Wei, Zhu Hua, 2018. </p>
<br>
</div>
<div class="side-column-section">
<h2> Contact </h2>
<a href="https://www.instagram.com/futureofmemory/" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg">Instagram</a>
<br>
<img class="logo" src="asset/toolkit-logo.png">
</div>
</div>
<div class="main-column">
<div class="page-head">
<h1 class="headline">
Algorithmic
<br>
Censorship
<br>
Resistance
<br>
Toolkit
</h1>
<h2>An ongoing collection of <br>algorithmic censorship resistance tactics </h2>
</div>
<div class="row gallery">
<div class="col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-xs-6 col-sm-6 thumb">
<a href="https://futureofmemory.netlify.app/">
<figure><img class="img-fluid img-thumbnail" src="asset/hanzi-maker.jpg"></figure>
</a>
<h3>Hanzi Maker </h3>
<p>
Creating new characters using the Chinese (Mandarin) radical system. Based on invented characters from the 2014 Hong Kong Protests, documented in the paper “Tranßcripting: playful subversion with Chinese characters”
</p>
<p class="credit">
Made by: The Future of Memory team
</p>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-xs-6 col-sm-6 thumb">
<a href="http://www.qianqian-ye.com/chinese-homophone-search/">
<figure><img class="img-fluid img-thumbnail" src="asset/chinese-homophone.jpg"></figure>
</a>
<h3>Chinese Homophone </h3>
<p>
In Chinese, a tonal language, words can be represented by different characters but sound similar. For example, 河蟹; pinyin: héxiè (river crab) sounds similar to 和谐; pinyin: héxié (harmony, used to mock the CCP espousal of a “harmonious society”). This tool translates censored words into their homophones — readers will know the real meaning of the word depending on the context.
</p>
<p class="credit">
Made by: The Future of Memory team
</p>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-xs-6 col-sm-6 thumb">
<a href="https://morsedecoder.com/">
<figure><img class="img-fluid img-thumbnail" src="asset/morse-code-generator.png"></figure>
</a>
<h3>Morse Code Generator </h3>
<p>
In recent years, online netizens in China have been using Morse code as a way to post sensitive information onto WeChat and Weibo.
</p>
<p class="credit">
<!-- Made by: The Future of Memory team -->
</p>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-xs-6 col-sm-6 thumb">
<a href="https://incoherency.co.uk/mojibake/">
<figure><img class="img-fluid img-thumbnail" src="asset/mojibake.png"></figure>
</a>
<h3>Mojibake Generator </h3>
<p>
Mojibake is a phenomenon that describes when text is garbled, as a result of being decoded using a different character encoding than the one it was generated with. For more on Mojibake, which in Japanese means “character changing”, take a look <a href="https://revealingerrors.com/mojibake" >here</a>.
</p>
<p class="credit">
<!-- Made by: The Future of Memory team -->
</p>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-xs-6 col-sm-6 thumb">
<a href="https://emojitranslate.com/">
<figure><img class="img-fluid img-thumbnail" src="asset/text-to-emoji.png"></figure>
</a>
<h3>Text to Emoji Converter </h3>
<p>
Used throughout the world, emoji is an efficient and expressive way to convey all manner of content, from politically sensitive topics to whole novels.
</p>
<p class="credit">
<!-- Made by: The Future of Memory team -->
</p>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-xs-6 col-sm-6 thumb">
<a href="https://www.online-toolz.com/tools/text-hex-convertor.php">
<figure><img class="img-fluid img-thumbnail" src="asset/text-to-hex.png"></figure>
</a>
<h3>Text to Hex Converter </h3>
<p>
Used to translate plain text (ASCII) into hexadecimal, students have also been storing messages on the Ethereum blockchain in hex to avoid censorship and takedown.
</p>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-xs-6 col-sm-6 thumb">
<a href="https://www.aies.cn/huoxingwen.htm">
<figure><img class="img-fluid img-thumbnail" src="asset/martian-language-generator.png"></figure>
</a>
<h3>Martian Language Generator</h3>
<p>
Martian Language, or 火星文; pinyin: huǒxīng, is popular amongst bloggers and is a combination of many strategies to bypass censorship — including replacing character with homophones, SMS slang and characters with similar radicals.
</p>
<p class="credit">
<!-- Made by: The Future of Memory team -->
</p>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-xs-6 col-sm-6 thumb">
<a href="https://www.brailletranslator.org/">
<figure><img class="img-fluid img-thumbnail" src="asset/braille-translator.png"></figure>
</a>
<h3>Braille Translator</h3>
<p>
Translating into Braille is also another strategy Chinese netizens have used to bypass takedown of posts. Braille is readable via a refreshable Braille display.
</p>
<p class="credit">
<!-- Made by: The Future of Memory team -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
<!--
<div class="page-head">
<h2>Background Research</h2>
<p class="read"><a href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3437304/citizenlab.ca/2018/08/cant-picture-this-an-analysis-of-image-filtering-on-wechat-moments/">Algorithmic Censorship by Social Platforms: Power and Resistance.</a> </p>
<p class="read">Jennifer Cobbe, 2019. </p> <br>
<p class="read"><a href="https://citizenlab.ca/2018/08/cant-picture-this-an-analysis-of-image-filtering-on-wechat-moments/">(Can’t) Picture This: An Analysis of Image Filtering on WeChat Moments.</a> </p>
<p class="read">Jeffrey Knockel, Lotus Ruan, Masashi Crete-Nishihata, and Ron Deibert, 2018. </p> <br>
<p class="read"><a href="https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c3a2/ae2c53e45bdaa97c160c6908826eb5d3dc25.pdf">Resisting the Censorship Infrastructure in China.</a> </p>
<p class="read">Yubo Kou, Yong Ming Kow, and Xinning Gui, 2017. </p> <br>
<p class="read"><a href="https://citizenlab.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/nlp4if2018github-1.pdf">The effect of information controls on developers in China: An analysis of censorship in Chinese open source projects.</a> </p>
<p class="read">Jeffrey Knockel, Masashi Crete-Nishihata, and Lotus Ruan, 2018. </p> <br>
<p class="read"><a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14790718.2019.1575834">Tranßcripting: playful subversion with Chinese characters.</a> </p>
<p class="read">Li Wei, Zhu Hua, 2018. </p> <br>
</div>
-->
</div>
</section>
<!-- partial -->
<script src='https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js'></script>
<script src='https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.14.5/popper.min.js'></script>
<script src='https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/twitter-bootstrap/4.1.3/css/bootstrap.min.css'></script>
</body>
</html>